图论② dfs | Java | 岛屿数量 岛屿的最大面积

发布于:2024-08-10 ⋅ 阅读:(36) ⋅ 点赞:(0)

图的遍历 BFS DFS

如何不重复遍历所有节点?

BFS 借助队列,(和树的层次遍历很像)从某个节点开始,访问所有和他相接的点 => 继续往下

DFS 一条路走到黑

岛屿数量

力扣 200. 岛屿数量

dfs 深搜

视频讲解:【算法太难了】【33】岛屿数量-二维数组&DFS

遍历二维数组,只要 grid[i][j] = 1 ,那么对于这个点来说,向上下左右四个方向扩散,只要遍历到的就算做同一个岛屿,同时grid[i][j] = 2标记为遍历过。

class Solution {
    public int numIslands(char[][] grid) {
        int count = 0;
        for(int i=0; i<grid.length; i++) {
            for(int j=0; j<grid[0].length; j++) {
                if(grid[i][j] == '1') {
                    count++;
                    dfs(grid, i, j);
                }
            }
        }
        return count;
    }

    public void dfs(char[][]grid, int x, int y) {
        if(x<0 || y<0 || y>=grid[0].length || x>=grid.length || grid[x][y]!='1') {
            return;
        }

        grid[x][y] = '2';
        dfs(grid, x-1, y); //shang
        dfs(grid, x+1, y);
        dfs(grid, x, y-1);
        dfs(grid, x, y+1);
    }
}

bfs 广搜

  • 特点
    源点开始,一圈一圈向外遍历,像水的波纹。从近到远,由内而外
  • 如何实现此种遍历呢? 用队列
    源点进队
    源点出队,距离为1的点入队
    距离为1的点出队,距离为2的点入队能够保证队列中,距离的单调递增
class Solution {
    public int numIslands(char[][] grid) {
        int count = 0;
        for(int i=0; i<grid.length; i++) {
            for(int j=0; j<grid[0].length; j++) {
                if(grid[i][j] == '1') {
                    count++;
                    bfs(grid, i, j);
                }
            }
        }
        return count;
    }

    public void bfs(char[][]grid, int x, int y) {
        Queue<int[]> list = new LinkedList<>();
        list.add(new int[]{x,y});
        int i=0, j=0;
        while(!list.isEmpty()) {
            int[] cur = list.remove();
            i = cur[0]; 
            j = cur[1];
            if(i>=0 && i<grid.length && j>=0 && j<grid[0].length && grid[i][j] == '1') {
                grid[i][j] = '2';
                list.add(new int[] { i + 1, j });
                list.add(new int[] { i - 1, j });
                list.add(new int[] { i, j + 1 });
                list.add(new int[] { i, j - 1 });
            }
        }
    }
}

Kama 99.岛屿数量

dfs

  • 与力扣200没有区别,但是要学习输入输出方法
import java.util.*;

class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        int N = sc.nextInt();
        int M = sc.nextInt();
        int[][]grid = new int[N][M];
        for(int i=0; i<N; i++) {
            for(int j=0; j<M; j++) {
                grid[i][j] = sc.nextInt();
            }
        }
        
        int count = 0;
        for(int i=0; i<N; i++) {
            for(int j=0; j<M; j++) {
                if(grid[i][j] == 1) {
                    count++;
                    dfs(grid, i, j);
                }
            }
        }
        
        System.out.println(count);
    }
    
    public static void dfs(int[][] grid, int x, int y){
        if(x<0 || y<0 || y>=grid[0].length || x>=grid.length || grid[x][y]!=1) {
            return;
        }
        
        grid[x][y] = 2;
        dfs(grid, x-1, y); //shang
        dfs(grid, x+1, y);
        dfs(grid, x, y-1);
        dfs(grid, x, y+1);
    }
}

100.岛屿的最大面积

卡玛100
力扣695

  • 力扣 695

这里使用了数组 int[] di = {0, 0, 1, -1}; int[] dj = {1, -1, 0, 0}; 表示方向,更直观。

class Solution {
    public int maxAreaOfIsland(int[][] grid) {
        int ans = 0;
        for(int i=0; i<grid.length; i++) {
            for(int j=0; j<grid[0].length; j++) {
                if(grid[i][j] == 1) {
                    ans = Math.max(ans, dfs(grid, i, j));
                }
            }
        }
        return ans;
    }

    public int dfs(int[][] grid, int x, int y) {
        if(x<0 || y<0 || x>=grid.length || y>=grid[0].length || grid[x][y]!=1) {
            return 0;
        }
        grid[x][y] = 2;
        int[] di = {0, 0, 1, -1};
        int[] dj = {1, -1, 0, 0};
        int ans = 1;
        for(int index=0; index<4; index++) {
            int next_i = x + di[index];
            int next_j = y + dj[index];
            ans += dfs(grid, next_i, next_j);
        }
        return ans;
    }
}