系列文章目录
【第六节】docker应用系列篇： 使用Dockerfile构建nginx
前言
提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考
一、 准备dockerfile
1. 简单dockerFile
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir nginxroot
[root@localhost ~]# cd nginxroot
[root@localhost nginxroot]#
[root@localhost nginxroot]# echo "nginx's running" >> index.html
[root@localhost nginxroot]# ls
index.html
[root@localhost nginxroot]# cat index.html
nginx's running
[root@localhost nginxroot]# vim Dockerfile
[root@localhost nginxroot]# cat Dockerfile
FROM centos:centos7
MAINTAINER "www.kubemsb.com"
RUN yum -y install wget
RUN wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
RUN yum -y install nginx
ADD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/
RUN echo "daemon off;" >> /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
EXPOSE 80
CMD /usr/sbin/nginx
1.2 解决网络问题的dockerfile
上面的dockerFile如果有网络问题，无法使用yum，可以更换yum源, 使用阿里的yum源
[root@vm31 nginxroot-ali]# cat Dockerfile
FROM centos:centos7
MAINTAINER "www.kuberick.com"
RUN rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/*
ADD ali.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
RUN yum -y install wget
RUN wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
RUN yum -y install nginx
ADD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/
RUN echo "daemon off;" >> /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
EXPOSE 80
CMD /usr/sbin/nginx
ali.repo
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
2. 构建结果：
[root@localhost nginxroot]# docker build -t centos7-nginx:v1 .
[root@vm31 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos7-nginx v1 81440cec486b 7 minutes ago 757MB
3. 构建过程：
输出：
Sending build context to Docker daemon 3.072kB
第一步：下载基础镜像
Step 1/9 : FROM centos:centos7
---> eeb6ee3f44bd
第二步：维护者信息
Step 2/9 : MAINTAINER "www.kubemsb.com"
---> Using cache
---> f978e524772c
第三步：安装wget
Step 3/9 : RUN yum -y install wget
---> Running in 4e0fc3854088
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* extras: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package wget.x86_64 0:1.14-18.el7_6.1 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
wget x86_64 1.14-18.el7_6.1 base 547 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 547 k
Installed size: 2.0 M
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages/wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Public key for wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm is not installed
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:
Userid : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"
Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5
Package : centos-release-7-9.2009.0.el7.centos.x86_64 (@CentOS)
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64 1/1
install-info: No such file or directory for /usr/share/info/wget.info.gz
Verifying : wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
wget.x86_64 0:1.14-18.el7_6.1
Complete!
Removing intermediate container 4e0fc3854088
---> 369e33a2152a
第四步：使用wget下载YUM源
Step 4/9 : RUN wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
---> Running in 4bdfc0a1c844
--2022-02-10 06:18:07-- http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 221.195.209.65, 221.195.209.64, 221.195.209.70, ...
Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|221.195.209.65|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 664 [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: '/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo'
0K 100% 158M=0s
2022-02-10 06:18:07 (158 MB/s) - '/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo' saved [664/664]
Removing intermediate container 4bdfc0a1c844
---> 1d73faa62447
第五步：安装Nginx
Step 5/9 : RUN yum -y install nginx
---> Running in 51b50c2ce841
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* extras: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.20.1-9.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem = 1:1.20.1-9.el7 for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libcrypto.so.1.1(OPENSSL_1_1_0)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libssl.so.1.1(OPENSSL_1_1_0)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libssl.so.1.1(OPENSSL_1_1_1)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: openssl for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: redhat-indexhtml for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: system-logos for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libcrypto.so.1.1()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libprofiler.so.0()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libssl.so.1.1()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package centos-indexhtml.noarch 0:7-9.el7.centos will be installed
---> Package centos-logos.noarch 0:70.0.6-3.el7.centos will be installed
---> Package gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7 will be installed
---> Package nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.20.1-9.el7 will be installed
---> Package openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-24.el7_9 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: openssl-libs(x86-64) = 1:1.0.2k-24.el7_9 for package: 1:openssl-1.0.2k-24.el7_9.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: make for package: 1:openssl-1.0.2k-24.el7_9.x86_64
---> Package openssl11-libs.x86_64 1:1.1.1k-2.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package make.x86_64 1:3.82-24.el7 will be installed
---> Package openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-19.el7 will be updated
---> Package openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-24.el7_9 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
nginx x86_64 1:1.20.1-9.el7 epel 587 k
Installing for dependencies:
centos-indexhtml noarch 7-9.el7.centos base 92 k
centos-logos noarch 70.0.6-3.el7.centos base 21 M
gperftools-libs x86_64 2.6.1-1.el7 base 272 k
make x86_64 1:3.82-24.el7 base 421 k
nginx-filesystem noarch 1:1.20.1-9.el7 epel 24 k
openssl x86_64 1:1.0.2k-24.el7_9 updates 494 k
openssl11-libs x86_64 1:1.1.1k-2.el7 epel 1.5 M
Updating for dependencies:
openssl-libs x86_64 1:1.0.2k-24.el7_9 updates 1.2 M
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+7 Dependent packages)
Upgrade ( 1 Dependent package)
Total download size: 26 M
Downloading packages:
Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 3.1 MB/s | 26 MB 00:08
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : centos-logos-70.0.6-3.el7.centos.noarch 1/10
Installing : centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch 2/10
Installing : 1:make-3.82-24.el7.x86_64 3/10
Installing : gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64 4/10
Installing : 1:openssl11-libs-1.1.1k-2.el7.x86_64 5/10
Updating : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-24.el7_9.x86_64 6/10
Installing : 1:openssl-1.0.2k-24.el7_9.x86_64 7/10
Installing : 1:nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-9.el7.noarch 8/10
Installing : 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64 9/10
Cleanup : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-19.el7.x86_64 10/10
Verifying : 1:nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-9.el7.noarch 1/10
Verifying : 1:nginx-1.20.1-9.el7.x86_64 2/10
Verifying : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-24.el7_9.x86_64 3/10
Verifying : 1:openssl11-libs-1.1.1k-2.el7.x86_64 4/10
Verifying : gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64 5/10
Verifying : 1:make-3.82-24.el7.x86_64 6/10
Verifying : 1:openssl-1.0.2k-24.el7_9.x86_64 7/10
Verifying : centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch 8/10
Verifying : centos-logos-70.0.6-3.el7.centos.noarch 9/10
Verifying : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-19.el7.x86_64 10/10
Installed:
nginx.x86_64 1:1.20.1-9.el7
Dependency Installed:
centos-indexhtml.noarch 0:7-9.el7.centos
centos-logos.noarch 0:70.0.6-3.el7.centos
gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7
make.x86_64 1:3.82-24.el7
nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.20.1-9.el7
openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-24.el7_9
openssl11-libs.x86_64 1:1.1.1k-2.el7
Dependency Updated:
openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-24.el7_9
Complete!
Removing intermediate container 51b50c2ce841
---> 88a7d7a2c522
第六步：添加文件至容器
Step 6/9 : ADD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/
---> a2226a4d6720
第七步：设置nginx服务运行方式
Step 7/9 : RUN echo "daemon off;" >> /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
---> Running in 01d623937807
Removing intermediate container 01d623937807
---> 53fddea5b491
第八步：暴露端口
Step 8/9 : EXPOSE 80
---> Running in 9b73fcf7ee1b
Removing intermediate container 9b73fcf7ee1b
---> 903377216b23
第九步：运行命令，执行nginx二进制文件
Step 9/9 : CMD /usr/sbin/nginx
---> Running in 58037652952c
Removing intermediate container 58037652952c
---> 944d27b80f1f
生成镜像，并为镜像打标记：
Successfully built 944d27b80f1f
Successfully tagged centos7-nginx:v1
---