Excel 表格和 Node.js 实现数据转换工具

发布于:2025-02-21 ⋅ 阅读:(16) ⋅ 点赞:(0)

这个工具的核心思路是:

  1. 前端:使用 SheetJS (xlsx) 解析和导出 Excel 数据,并提供 UI 进行增删改查。
  2. 后端 (Node.js + Express):处理 Excel 数据的转换、存储,并提供 API 接口。

1. 安装依赖

在前端和后端项目分别安装 xlsx 相关依赖。

前端(vue)

npm install xlsx

后端 (Node.js + Express)

npm install express multer xlsx fs

2. 前端实现 (Vue 3 + SheetJS)

前端主要实现:

  • 解析 Excel 文件,并展示为可编辑的表格
  • 提供增删改查操作
  • 处理 Excel 文件的导出

前端代码

<template>
  <div>
    <input type="file" @change="handleFileUpload" />
    <button @click="exportExcel">导出 Excel</button>
    <table border="1">
      <thead>
        <tr>
          <th v-for="(col, index) in columns" :key="index">{{ col }}</th>
          <th>操作</th>
        </tr>
      </thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr v-for="(row, rowIndex) in tableData" :key="rowIndex">
          <td v-for="(value, colIndex) in row" :key="colIndex">
            <input v-model="tableData[rowIndex][columns[colIndex]]" />
          </td>
          <td>
            <button @click="deleteRow(rowIndex)">删除</button>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
    <button @click="addRow">添加行</button>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup>
import { ref } from "vue";
import * as XLSX from "xlsx";

const tableData = ref([]);
const columns = ref([]);

// 解析上传的 Excel 文件
const handleFileUpload = (event) => {
  const file = event.target.files[0];
  const reader = new FileReader();

  reader.onload = (e) => {
    const data = new Uint8Array(e.target.result);
    const workbook = XLSX.read(data, { type: "array" });
    const sheetName = workbook.SheetNames[0];
    const sheet = workbook.Sheets[sheetName];
    const parsedData = XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json(sheet);

    if (parsedData.length) {
      columns.value = Object.keys(parsedData[0]);
      tableData.value = parsedData;
    }
  };

  reader.readAsArrayBuffer(file);
};

// 添加新行
const addRow = () => {
  const newRow = {};
  columns.value.forEach((col) => {
    newRow[col] = "";
  });
  tableData.value.push(newRow);
};

// 删除行
const deleteRow = (index) => {
  tableData.value.splice(index, 1);
};

// 导出 Excel 文件
const exportExcel = () => {
  const worksheet = XLSX.utils.json_to_sheet(tableData.value);
  const workbook = XLSX.utils.book_new();
  XLSX.utils.book_append_sheet(workbook, worksheet, "Sheet1");
  XLSX.writeFile(workbook, "table_data.xlsx");
};
</script>

3. 后端实现 (Node.js + Express + Multer)

后端主要实现:

  • 解析 Excel 并转换为 JSON
  • 处理增删改查 API
  • 支持上传和下载 Excel

后端代码

const express = require("express");
const multer = require("multer");
const fs = require("fs");
const XLSX = require("xlsx");

const app = express();
const upload = multer({ dest: "uploads/" });

app.use(express.json());

// 解析 Excel 并转换为 JSON
app.post("/upload", upload.single("file"), (req, res) => {
  const filePath = req.file.path;
  const workbook = XLSX.readFile(filePath);
  const sheetName = workbook.SheetNames[0];
  const sheet = workbook.Sheets[sheetName];
  const jsonData = XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json(sheet);

  fs.unlinkSync(filePath); // 删除临时文件
  res.json({ data: jsonData });
});

// 导出 Excel
app.get("/export", (req, res) => {
  const sampleData = [
    { Name: "Alice", Age: 25, City: "New York" },
    { Name: "Bob", Age: 30, City: "Los Angeles" },
  ];
  const worksheet = XLSX.utils.json_to_sheet(sampleData);
  const workbook = XLSX.utils.book_new();
  XLSX.utils.book_append_sheet(workbook, worksheet, "Sheet1");

  const filePath = "export.xlsx";
  XLSX.writeFile(workbook, filePath);
  res.download(filePath, () => fs.unlinkSync(filePath)); // 发送后删除
});

app.listen(3000, () => console.log("Server running on port 3000"));

4. 使用方式

前端

  1. 运行 Vue 代码,上传 Excel 文件,进行增删改查,最后导出 Excel。

后端

1.启动后端:

node server.js

2.访问 /export 进行 Excel 下载。