Spring Boot与Axon Framework整合教程-EW帮帮网

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简介

Axon Framework是一个用于构建CQRS（命令查询职责分离）和事件溯源（Event Sourcing）应用的框架，而Spring Boot提供了快速开发能力。二者结合可高效实现高扩展性、可维护的分布式系统。

环境准备

JDK 17+
Spring Boot 3.2+
Axon Framework 4.9+
Maven/Gradle

步骤详解

1. 创建Spring Boot项目

使用start.spring.io生成基础项目，选择：

Spring Web
Lombok（可选）

2. 添加Axon依赖

<!-- pom.xml -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.axonframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>axon-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>4.9.0</version>
</dependency>

3. 配置Axon（可选）

# application.yml
axon:
  serializer:
    general: jackson
  eventhandling:
    processors:
      default: tracking

示例：银行账户管理

1. 定义命令(Command)

// 开户命令
public record CreateAccountCommand(String accountId, int initialBalance) {}

// 存款命令
public record DepositMoneyCommand(String accountId, int amount) {}

// 取款命令
public record WithdrawMoneyCommand(String accountId, int amount) {}

2. 定义事件(Event)

// 账户创建事件
public record AccountCreatedEvent(String accountId, int initialBalance) {}

// 存款事件
public record MoneyDepositedEvent(String accountId, int amount) {}

// 取款事件
public record MoneyWithdrawnEvent(String accountId, int amount) {}

3. 创建聚合根(Aggregate)

@Aggregate
@Getter
@NoArgsConstructor
public class BankAccountAggregate {
    @AggregateIdentifier
    private String accountId;
    private int balance;

    @CommandHandler
    public BankAccountAggregate(CreateAccountCommand command) {
        apply(new AccountCreatedEvent(command.accountId(), command.initialBalance()));
    }

    @CommandHandler
    public void handle(DepositMoneyCommand command) {
        apply(new MoneyDepositedEvent(command.accountId(), command.amount()));
    }

    @CommandHandler
    public void handle(WithdrawMoneyCommand command) {
        if (balance < command.amount()) {
            throw new InsufficientBalanceException();
        }
        apply(new MoneyWithdrawnEvent(command.accountId(), command.amount()));
    }

    @EventSourcingHandler
    public void on(AccountCreatedEvent event) {
        this.accountId = event.accountId();
        this.balance = event.initialBalance();
    }

    @EventSourcingHandler
    public void on(MoneyDepositedEvent event) {
        balance += event.amount();
    }

    @EventSourcingHandler
    public void on(MoneyWithdrawnEvent event) {
        balance -= event.amount();
    }
}

4. 创建Query处理

@Service
public class AccountQueryService {
    private final Map<String, Integer> accounts = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

    @EventHandler
    public void on(AccountCreatedEvent event) {
        accounts.put(event.accountId(), event.initialBalance());
    }

    @EventHandler
    public void on(MoneyDepositedEvent event) {
        accounts.computeIfPresent(event.accountId(), (k, v) -> v + event.amount());
    }

    @EventHandler
    public void on(MoneyWithdrawnEvent event) {
        accounts.computeIfPresent(event.accountId(), (k, v) -> v - event.amount());
    }

    @QueryHandler
    public Integer handle(GetBalanceQuery query) {
        return accounts.get(query.accountId());
    }
}

5. 创建REST接口

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/accounts")
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class AccountController {
    private final CommandGateway commandGateway;
    private final QueryGateway queryGateway;

    @PostMapping
    public CompletableFuture<String> createAccount(@RequestBody CreateAccountRequest request) {
        return commandGateway.send(new CreateAccountCommand(
            UUID.randomUUID().toString(),
            request.initialBalance()
        ));
    }

    @GetMapping("/{accountId}/balance")
    public CompletableFuture<Integer> getBalance(@PathVariable String accountId) {
        return queryGateway.query(new GetBalanceQuery(accountId), Integer.class);
    }
}

运行与测试

启动Spring Boot应用
使用curl测试：

# 创建账户
curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"initialBalance":1000}' http://localhost:8080/accounts

# 查询余额（替换{accountId}）
curl http://localhost:8080/accounts/{accountId}/balance

关键配置说明

序列化配置：建议使用Jackson进行JSON序列化
事件存储：默认使用内存存储，生产环境可配置JPA或JDBC
分布式处理：通过axon-distributed-command-bus实现命令总线扩展

扩展方向

添加JPA事件存储
集成Spring Security进行权限控制
配置Saga实现复杂事务
使用Axon Server进行集群管理

通过本教程，您已完成了一个基础的CQRS/ES系统实现。建议通过Axon Dashboard监控事件流，并逐步添加更复杂的业务逻辑。

Spring Boot与Axon Framework整合教程