《Pygame实现记忆拼图游戏13》中实现鼠标点击图案后会显示图案的功能，接下来实现的是比较两个图案是否相同的功能，如果相同，则会一直显示这两个图案，否则在显示了这两个不同的图案之后，会遮盖这两个图案，如图1所示。
图1 比较两个选中的图案
实现以上功能的步骤是：首先判断用户是第一次选中图案还是第二次选中图案，如果是第一次选中，则记录该图案；如果用户是第二次选中图案，接下来则获取这两次选择图案的形状和颜色，并进行比较（选中这两个图案，此时图案就会显示）；如果两次选择的形状和颜色不同，最后遮盖这两个图案，等待用户继续选择。
1 判断用户是第一次选中图案还是第二次选中图案
在main()函数中，接着《Pygame实现记忆拼图游戏13》中提到的代码，判断用户是第一次选中图案还是第二次选中图案，如图2所示。
图2 判断用户是第一次选中图案还是第二次选中图案的代码
其中，第40行代码中判断第一次选择的标志firstSelection是否是None，如果是则说明是第一次选择，此时通过第41行代码记录第一次选中图案的列数boxx和行数boxy。第一次选择的标志firstSelection在while True循环之外定义，初始值是None。
2 获取两次选择图案的形状和颜色
如果用户是第二次选择图案，则获取两次选择图案的形状和颜色，代码如图3所示。
图3 获取两次选择图案的形状和颜色的代码
其中，第42行代码中的else与图2中的if匹配，表示用户是第二次选择图案；第43-44行代码通过自定义函数getShapeAndColor()获取第一次选择图案的形状和颜色；第45-48行代码获取第二次选择图案的形状和颜色。
相关链接1 自定义函数getShapeAndColor()的相关资料，请参考
3 遮盖选中的图案
接下来比较两个图案的形状和颜色，如果不相同，则将这两个图案遮盖（因为选中后这两个图案就显示了），如果相同，则不进行任何处理（因为选中后这两个图案就显示了）。代码如图4所示。
题4 遮盖选中图案的代码
其中，第48行代码比较两个图案的形状和颜色；如果不相同，第50行代码首先监听1秒钟；第51-53行代码通过自定义函数coverBoxesAnimation()遮盖选中的两个颜色；第54-55行代码将这两个图案的状态恢复为“遮盖”；第56行代码将第一次选择的标志firstSelection恢复为None。
相关链接2 自定义函数coverBoxesAnimation()的相关资料，请参考
4 完整代码
添加上述功能后的完整代码如下所示。
import pygame
import os
from pygame.locals import *
import random
def main():
global DISPLAYSURF
global FPSCLOCK
FPSCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
DISPLAYSURF = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOWWIDTH,WINDOWHEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption('Memory Puzzle')
mainBoard = getRandomizedBoard()
revealedBoxes = generateRevealedBoxesData(False)
startGameAnimation(mainBoard)
mousex = 0
mousey = 0
firstSelection = None
while True:
mouseClicked = False
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == QUIT:
pygame.quit()
os.sys.exit()
elif event.type == MOUSEMOTION:
mousex, mousey = event.pos
elif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONUP:
mousex, mousey = event.pos
mouseClicked = True
boxx, boxy = getBoxAtPixel(mousex, mousey)
DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
drawBoard(mainBoard, revealedBoxes)
if boxx != None and boxy != None:
if not revealedBoxes[boxx][boxy]:
drawHighlightBox(boxx, boxy)
if not revealedBoxes[boxx][boxy] and mouseClicked:
revealBoxesAnimation(mainBoard, [(boxx, boxy)])
revealedBoxes[boxx][boxy] = True
if firstSelection == None:
firstSelection = (boxx, boxy)
else:
icon1shape, icon1color = getShapeAndColor(mainBoard,\
firstSelection[0], \
firstSelection[1])
icon2shape, icon2color = getShapeAndColor(mainBoard, \
boxx, \
boxy)
if icon1shape != icon2shape or icon1color != icon2color:
pygame.time.wait(1000)
coverBoxesAnimation(mainBoard, \
[(firstSelection[0], firstSelection[1]), \
(boxx, boxy)])
revealedBoxes[firstSelection[0]][firstSelection[1]] = False
revealedBoxes[boxx][boxy] = False
firstSelection = None
pygame.display.update()
def getBoxAtPixel(x, y):
for boxx in range(BOARDWIDTH):
for boxy in range(BOARDHEIGHT):
left, top = leftTopCoordsOfBox(boxx, boxy)
boxRect = pygame.Rect(left, top, BOXSIZE, BOXSIZE)
if boxRect.collidepoint(x, y):
return (boxx, boxy)
return (None, None)
def drawHighlightBox(boxx, boxy):
left, top = leftTopCoordsOfBox(boxx, boxy)
pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, HIGHLIGHTCOLOR, \
(left - 5, top - 5, BOXSIZE + 10, BOXSIZE + 10), 4)
def getRandomizedBoard():
icons = []
for color in ALLCOLORS:
for shape in ALLSHAPES:
icons.append( (shape, color) )
random.shuffle(icons)
numIconsUsed = int(BOARDWIDTH * BOARDHEIGHT / 2)
icons = icons[:numIconsUsed] * 2
random.shuffle(icons)
board = []
for x in range(BOARDWIDTH):
column = []
for y in range(BOARDHEIGHT):
column.append(icons[0])
del icons[0]
board.append(column)
return board
def startGameAnimation(board):
coveredBoxes = generateRevealedBoxesData(False)
drawBoard(board, coveredBoxes)
boxes = []
for x in range(BOARDWIDTH):
for y in range(BOARDHEIGHT):
boxes.append( (x, y) )
random.shuffle(boxes)
boxGroups = splitIntoGroupsOf(8, boxes)
for boxGroup in boxGroups:
revealBoxesAnimation(board, boxGroup)
coverBoxesAnimation(board, boxGroup)
def revealBoxesAnimation(board, boxesToReveal):
for coverage in range(BOXSIZE, (-REVEALSPEED) - 1, -REVEALSPEED):
drawBoxCovers(board, boxesToReveal, coverage)
def coverBoxesAnimation(board, boxesToCover):
for coverage in range(0, BOXSIZE + REVEALSPEED, REVEALSPEED):
drawBoxCovers(board, boxesToCover, coverage)
def drawBoxCovers(board, boxes, coverage):
for box in boxes:
left, top = leftTopCoordsOfBox(box[0], box[1])
pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, BGCOLOR, (left, top, BOXSIZE, BOXSIZE))
shape, color = getShapeAndColor(board, box[0], box[1])
drawIcon(shape, color, box[0], box[1])
if coverage > 0:
pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, BOXCOLOR, \
(left, top, coverage, BOXSIZE))
pygame.display.update()
FPSCLOCK.tick(FPS)
def splitIntoGroupsOf(groupSize, theList):
result = []
for i in range(0, len(theList), groupSize):
result.append(theList[i:i + groupSize])
return result
def leftTopCoordsOfBox(boxx, boxy):
left = boxx * (BOXSIZE + GAPSIZE) + XMARGIN
top = boxy * (BOXSIZE + GAPSIZE) + YMARGIN
return (left, top)
def drawBoard(board, revealed):
for boxx in range(BOARDWIDTH):
for boxy in range(BOARDHEIGHT):
left, top = leftTopCoordsOfBox(boxx, boxy)
if not revealed[boxx][boxy]:
pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, BOXCOLOR, \
(left, top, BOXSIZE, BOXSIZE))
else:
shape, color = getShapeAndColor(board, boxx, boxy)
drawIcon(shape, color, boxx, boxy)
def generateRevealedBoxesData(val):
revealedBoxes = []
for i in range(BOARDWIDTH):
revealedBoxes.append([val] * BOARDHEIGHT)
return revealedBoxes
def getShapeAndColor(board, boxx, boxy):
return board[boxx][boxy][0], board[boxx][boxy][1]
def drawIcon(shape, color, boxx, boxy):
quarter = int(BOXSIZE * 0.25)
half = int(BOXSIZE * 0.5)
left, top = leftTopCoordsOfBox(boxx, boxy)
if shape == DONUT:
pygame.draw.circle(DISPLAYSURF, color, \
(left + half, top + half), half - 5)
pygame.draw.circle(DISPLAYSURF, BGCOLOR, \
(left + half, top + half), quarter - 5)
elif shape == SQUARE:
pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, color, \
(left + quarter, top + quarter, BOXSIZE - half, BOXSIZE - half))
elif shape == DIAMOND:
pygame.draw.polygon(DISPLAYSURF, color, \
((left + half, top), \
(left + BOXSIZE - 1, top + half), \
(left + half, top + BOXSIZE - 1), \
(left, top + half)))
elif shape == LINES:
for i in range(0, BOXSIZE, 4):
pygame.draw.line(DISPLAYSURF, color,\
(left, top + i), (left + i, top))
pygame.draw.line(DISPLAYSURF, color, \
(left + i, top + BOXSIZE - 1), \
(left + BOXSIZE - 1, top + i))
elif shape == OVAL:
pygame.draw.ellipse(DISPLAYSURF, color, \
(left, top + quarter, BOXSIZE, half))
pygame.init()
WINDOWWIDTH = 640
WINDOWHEIGHT = 480
BOARDWIDTH = 10
BOARDHEIGHT = 7
assert (BOARDWIDTH * BOARDHEIGHT) % 2 == 0, \
'Board needs to have an even number of boxes for pairs of matches.'
BOXSIZE = 40
GAPSIZE = 10
REVEALSPEED = 8
FPS = 30
XMARGIN = int((WINDOWWIDTH - (BOARDWIDTH * (BOXSIZE + GAPSIZE))) / 2)
YMARGIN = int((WINDOWHEIGHT - (BOARDHEIGHT * (BOXSIZE + GAPSIZE))) / 2)
GRAY = (100, 100, 100)
NAVYBLUE = ( 60, 60, 100)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = ( 0, 255, 0)
BLUE = ( 0, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)
ORANGE = (255, 128, 0)
PURPLE = (255, 0, 255)
CYAN = ( 0, 255, 255)
DONUT = 'donut'
SQUARE = 'square'
DIAMOND = 'diamond'
LINES = 'lines'
OVAL = 'oval'
BGCOLOR = NAVYBLUE
BOXCOLOR = WHITE
HIGHLIGHTCOLOR = BLUE
ALLCOLORS = (RED, GREEN, BLUE, YELLOW, ORANGE, PURPLE, CYAN)
ALLSHAPES = (DONUT, SQUARE, DIAMOND, LINES, OVAL)
assert len(ALLCOLORS) * len(ALLSHAPES) * 2 >= BOARDWIDTH * BOARDHEIGHT, \
"Board is too big for the number of shapes/colors defined."
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()