前言
WinForm（Windows Forms）是Microsoft.NET框架中的技术，用于开发Windows桌面应用程序。它提供了一套丰富的控件和组件。通过拖放控件、编写事件处理程序等方式快速构建用户界面。
通过属性窗口定制这些控件的外观和行为。
通过数据绑定，将UI控件与数据源连接，实现数据的展示和更新。
通过上面的方法可以帮助开发者高效地创建桌面窗体应用程序，尤其适合初学者和需要快速开发的项目。
本文介绍了如何创建Winform窗体，并自定义窗体样式和窗体的基本功能。
1、窗体关闭、最大化、最小化、适应。
2、无边框窗体移动、调整窗体大小。
3、菜单展开折叠。
界面预览
代码
自定义按钮
用户自定义按钮：
SelectedState:用户点击后状态取反。
Radius：按钮圆角半径。
HoverColor：鼠标悬停时的背景色。
public class UCButton : Button
{
#region 公共字段、属性
private bool _selectedState = false;
[Category("UserProperty")]
[Description("选中状态")]
public bool SelectedState
{
get => _selectedState;
private set
{
_selectedState = value;
this.Invalidate();
}
}
private int radius = 15;
[Category("UserProperty")]
[Description("圆角半径")]
public int Radius
{
get { return radius; }
set
{
radius = value;
this.Invalidate();
}
}
private Color _defaultColor;
private Color _hoverColor = Color.LightBlue;
[Category("UserProperty")]
[Description("鼠标悬停时的背景色")]
public Color HoverColor
{
get => _hoverColor;
set => _hoverColor = value;
}
#endregion
public UCButton()
{
Initialize();
}
private void Initialize()
{
this.DoubleBuffered = true;
this.FlatStyle = FlatStyle.Flat;
this.FlatAppearance.BorderSize = 0;
this.SetStyle(ControlStyles.UserPaint
| ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint
| ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer
| ControlStyles.ResizeRedraw
| ControlStyles.SupportsTransparentBackColor, true);
_defaultColor = BackColor;
this.MouseEnter += UCButton_MouseEnter;
this.MouseLeave += UCButton_MouseLeave;
}
private void UCButton_MouseEnter(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.BackColor = HoverColor; // 鼠标进入时更改背景色
}
private void UCButton_MouseLeave(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.BackColor = _defaultColor; // 鼠标离开时恢复默认背景色
}
protected override void OnClick(EventArgs e)
{
base.OnClick(e);
_selectedState = !_selectedState;
}
protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
{
base.OnPaint(e);
e.Graphics.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.AntiAlias; // 设置抗锯齿
e.Graphics.CompositingQuality = CompositingQuality.HighQuality; // 高质量合成
e.Graphics.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic; // 高质量插值
// 绘制圆角矩形
using (GraphicsPath path = new GraphicsPath())
{
path.AddArc(0, 0, radius, radius, 180, 90); // 左上角
path.AddArc(this.Width - radius, 0, radius, radius, 270, 90); // 右上角
path.AddArc(this.Width - radius, this.Height - radius, radius, radius, 0, 90); // 右下角
path.AddArc(0, this.Height - radius, radius, radius, 90, 90); // 左下角
path.CloseFigure();
this.Region = new Region(path); // 设置按钮的区域为圆角矩形
}
// 绘制按钮文本
using (Brush brush = new SolidBrush(this.ForeColor))
{
SizeF textSize = e.Graphics.MeasureString(this.Text, this.Font);
PointF textLocation = new PointF((this.Width - textSize.Width) / 2, (this.Height - textSize.Height) / 2);
e.Graphics.DrawString(this.Text, this.Font, brush, textLocation);
}
}
}
窗体代码
1、窗体关闭、最大化、最小化、适应。
2、无边框窗体移动、调整窗体大小。
3、菜单展开折叠。
public partial class MainForm : Form
{
private int ButtonWidth = 62;
#region 窗体初始化、加载、关闭
public MainForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
this.CenterToParent();
this.CenterToScreen();
}
private void MainForm_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
WinMoveBinding(panel_TopBorderItem);
WinMoveBinding(pic_WinIcon);
this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Normal;
this.MinimumSize = new System.Drawing.Size(150, 150);
panel_MenuItemText.Hide();
ButtonWidth = btn_Expand.Width;
}
private void MainForm_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
{
}
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// 窗体移动功能事件绑定
/// </summary>
private void WinMoveBinding(Control control)
{
control.MouseDown += topBorderPanel_MouseDown;
control.MouseMove += topBorderPanel_MouseMove;
control.MouseUp += topBorderPanel_MouseUp;
}
#region 窗体拖动
private Point mouseOffset;
private void topBorderPanel_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Left)
{
mouseOffset = new Point(-e.X, -e.Y);
}
}
private void topBorderPanel_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Left)
{
Point mousePos = Control.MousePosition;
mousePos.Offset(mouseOffset.X, mouseOffset.Y);
this.Location = mousePos;
}
}
private void topBorderPanel_MouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
mouseOffset = Point.Empty;
}
#endregion
#region 无边框窗体随意拖动和改变尺寸
const int WM_NCHITTEST = 0x0084;
const int HTLEFT = 10;
const int HTRIGHT = 11;
const int HTTOP = 12;
const int HTTOPLEFT = 13;
const int HTTOPRIGHT = 14;
const int HTBOTTOM = 15;
const int HTBOTTOMLEFT = 0x10;
const int HTBOTTOMRIGHT = 17;
protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)
{
base.WndProc(ref m);
switch (m.Msg)
{
case WM_NCHITTEST:
Point vPoint = new Point((int)m.LParam & 0xFFFF,
(int)m.LParam >> 16 & 0xFFFF);
vPoint = PointToClient(vPoint);
if (vPoint.X <= 5)
if (vPoint.Y <= 5)
m.Result = (IntPtr)HTTOPLEFT;
else if (vPoint.Y >= ClientSize.Height - 5)
m.Result = (IntPtr)HTBOTTOMLEFT;
else m.Result = (IntPtr)HTLEFT;
else if (vPoint.X >= ClientSize.Width - 5)
if (vPoint.Y <= 5)
m.Result = (IntPtr)HTTOPRIGHT;
else if (vPoint.Y >= ClientSize.Height - 5)
m.Result = (IntPtr)HTBOTTOMRIGHT;
else m.Result = (IntPtr)HTRIGHT;
else if (vPoint.Y <= 5)
m.Result = (IntPtr)HTTOP;
else if (vPoint.Y >= ClientSize.Height - 5)
m.Result = (IntPtr)HTBOTTOM;
break;
}
}
#endregion
#region 窗体关闭、最大化、最小化
private void btn_ClosingWindow_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
if (MessageBox.Show("是否关闭窗体!", "关闭", MessageBoxButtons.OKCancel, MessageBoxIcon.Warning) == DialogResult.OK)
{
this.Close();
}
}
private void btn_Maximize_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
Button button = sender as Button;
if (this.WindowState == FormWindowState.Maximized)
{
this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Normal;
button.Image = global::ModbusDemo.Properties.Resources.maximize_blue_32;
}
else
{
this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Maximized;
button.Image = global::ModbusDemo.Properties.Resources.restore_blue_32;
}
}
private void btn_Minimize_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Minimized;
}
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// 折叠按钮
/// </summary>
private void btn_Expand_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
//展开
if (!btn_Expand.SelectedState)
{
btn_Expand.Image = global::ModbusDemo.Properties.Resources.collapse_left_blue_32;
panel_MenuItemIcon.Width = ButtonWidth;
panel_MenuItemText.ScrollControlIntoView(btn_Expand);
panel_MenuItemText.Show();
panel_LeftMenuItem.Width = 256;
}
//折叠
else
{
btn_Expand.Image = global::ModbusDemo.Properties.Resources.collapse_right_blue_32;
panel_MenuItemIcon.Width = ButtonWidth;
panel_LeftMenuItem.Width = ButtonWidth;
panel_MenuItemText.Hide();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 首页按钮
/// </summary>
private void btn_Home_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
}
结语
既是分享，也是备份。