【Spring AI】基于专属知识库的RAG智能问答小程序开发——功能优化：用户鉴权相关工具类代码

系列文章目录

1. 【Spring AI】基于专属知识库的RAG智能问答小程序开发——完整项目（含完整前端+后端代码）
2. 【Spring AI】基于专属知识库的RAG智能问答小程序开发——代码逐行精讲：核心ChatClient对象相关构造函数
3. 【Spring AI】基于专属知识库的RAG智能问答小程序开发——代码逐行精讲：核心交互函数及RAG知识库构建
4. 【Spring AI】基于专属知识库的RAG智能问答小程序开发——功能优化：用户鉴权主体功能开发
5. 【Spring AI】基于专属知识库的RAG智能问答小程序开发——功能优化：用户鉴权相关工具类代码

前言

在上一篇文章 【Spring AI】基于专属知识库的RAG智能问答小程序开发——功能优化：用户鉴权主体功能开发，我们完成了用户鉴权相关的主体代码开发，即Controller层、Service层和Mapper层相关的逻辑实现。
本文则是展示了用户鉴权过程中所用到的后端工具类代码，从而实现完整的登录鉴权功能。

1.开发工具

IntelliJ IDEA
微信开发者工具
MySQL
JDK版本 >= 17
Spring Boot版本 >= 3.3.x

2.后端代码-鉴权工具类

2.1.SpringBoot文件架构：

2.2.JWT相关工具类代码：

2.2.1.WebMvcConfiguration代码：主要用于注册自定义拦截器

package com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.config;

import com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.interceptor.JwtTokenUserInterceptor;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurationSupport;


/**
 * 配置类，注册web层相关组件
 */
@Configuration
@Slf4j
public class WebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {


    @Autowired
    private JwtTokenUserInterceptor jwtTokenUserInterceptor;

    /**
     * 注册自定义拦截器
     *
     * @param registry
     */
    protected void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        log.info("开始注册自定义拦截器...");

        registry.addInterceptor(jwtTokenUserInterceptor)
                .addPathPatterns("/ali/**")
                .excludePathPatterns("/ali/user/login");
    }
}

2.2.2.BaseContext代码：主要使用threadlocal存储userID，便于跨页面获取用户身份

package com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.context;

public class BaseContext {

    public static ThreadLocal<Long> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<>();

    public static void setCurrentId(Long id) {
        threadLocal.set(id);
    }

    public static Long getCurrentId() {
        return threadLocal.get();
    }

    public static void removeCurrentId() {
        threadLocal.remove();
    }

}

2.2.3.JwtTokenUserInterceptor代码：JWT核心拦截器代码，用于校验用户身份

package com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.interceptor;

import com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.constant.JwtClaimsConstant;
import com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.context.BaseContext;
import com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.properties.JwtProperties;
import com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.utils.JwtUtil;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;



/**
 * jwt令牌校验的拦截器
 */
@Component
@Slf4j
public class JwtTokenUserInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    @Autowired
    private JwtProperties jwtProperties;

    /**
     * 校验jwt
     *
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @param handler
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        //判断当前拦截到的是Controller的方法还是其他资源
        if (!(handler instanceof HandlerMethod)) {
            //当前拦截到的不是动态方法，直接放行
            return true;
        }

        //1、从请求头中获取令牌
        String token = request.getHeader(jwtProperties.getUserTokenName());

        //2、校验令牌
        try {
            log.info("jwt校验:{}", token);
            Claims claims = JwtUtil.parseJWT(jwtProperties.getUserSecretKey(), token);
            Long userId = Long.valueOf(claims.get(JwtClaimsConstant.USER_ID).toString());
            log.info("当前用户id：{}", userId);
            BaseContext.setCurrentId(userId);
            //3、通过，放行
            return true;
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            //4、不通过，响应401状态码
            log.info("请登录");
            response.setStatus(401);
            return false;
        }
    }
}

2.2.4.JwtProperties代码：生成JWT令牌相关配置

package com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.properties;

import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "alichat.jwt")
@Data
public class JwtProperties {

    /**
     * 管理端员工生成jwt令牌相关配置
     */
    private String adminSecretKey;
    private long adminTtl;
    private String adminTokenName;

    /**
     * 用户端微信用户生成jwt令牌相关配置
     */
    private String userSecretKey;
    private long userTtl;
    private String userTokenName;

}

2.2.5.JwtUtil代码：JWT令牌构建，实现加解密逻辑等

package com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.utils;

import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.JwtBuilder;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Map;

public class JwtUtil {
    /**
     * 生成jwt
     * 使用Hs256算法, 私匙使用固定秘钥
     *
     * @param secretKey jwt秘钥
     * @param ttlMillis jwt过期时间(毫秒)
     * @param claims    设置的信息
     * @return
     */
    public static String createJWT(String secretKey, long ttlMillis, Map<String, Object> claims) {
        // 指定签名的时候使用的签名算法，也就是header那部分
        SignatureAlgorithm signatureAlgorithm = SignatureAlgorithm.HS256;

        // 生成JWT的时间
        long expMillis = System.currentTimeMillis() + ttlMillis;
        Date exp = new Date(expMillis);

        // 设置jwt的body
        JwtBuilder builder = Jwts.builder()
                // 如果有私有声明，一定要先设置这个自己创建的私有的声明，这个是给builder的claim赋值，一旦写在标准的声明赋值之后，就是覆盖了那些标准的声明的
                .setClaims(claims)
                // 设置签名使用的签名算法和签名使用的秘钥
                .signWith(signatureAlgorithm, secretKey.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8))
                // 设置过期时间
                .setExpiration(exp);

        return builder.compact();
    }

    /**
     * Token解密
     *
     * @param secretKey jwt秘钥 此秘钥一定要保留好在服务端, 不能暴露出去, 否则sign就可以被伪造, 如果对接多个客户端建议改造成多个
     * @param token     加密后的token
     * @return
     */
    public static Claims parseJWT(String secretKey, String token) {
        // 得到DefaultJwtParser
        Claims claims = Jwts.parser()
                // 设置签名的秘钥
                .setSigningKey(secretKey.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8))
                // 设置需要解析的jwt
                .parseClaimsJws(token).getBody();
        return claims;
    }

}

2.3.登录请求相关工具类代码：

2.3.1.UserLoginDTO代码：接收请求中的登录对象

package com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.DTO;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
@Builder
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class UserLoginDTO implements Serializable {

    private String code;
}

2.3.2.UserLoginVO代码：返回处理后的登录对象

package com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.VO;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
@Builder
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class UserLoginVO implements Serializable {

    //主键值
    private Long id;

    //openid
    private String openid;

    //jwt令牌
    private String token;

}

2.3.3.User代码：用户实体（与数据库中的用户表保持一致）

package com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.entity;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;

@Data
@Builder
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private Long id;

    //微信用户唯一标识
    private String openid;

    //剩余请求数
    private Long resRequest;
}

2.3.4.GlobalExceptionHandler代码：全局异常处理器，返回异常状态消息

package com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.handler;

import com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.constant.MessageConstant;
import com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.exception.BaseException;
import com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.result.Result;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;

import java.sql.SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException;

/**
 * 全局异常处理器，处理项目中抛出的业务异常
 */
@RestControllerAdvice
@Slf4j
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {

    /**
     * 捕获业务异常
     * @param ex
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler
    public Result exceptionHandler(BaseException ex){
        log.error("异常信息：{}", ex.getMessage());
        return Result.error(ex.getMessage());
    }

    /**
     * 处理SQL异常
     * @param ex
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler
    public Result exceptionHandler(SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException ex){
        String message = ex.getMessage();
        if(message.contains("Duplicate entry")){
            String msg = "用户名" + MessageConstant.ALREADY_EXISTS;
            return Result.error(msg);
        }
        else{
            return Result.error(MessageConstant.UNKNOWN_ERROR);
        }
    }

}

2.3.5.WeChatProperties代码：微信属性类，存储通过code获取的微信用户信息

package com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.properties;

import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "alichat.wechat")
@Data
public class WeChatProperties {

    private String appid; //小程序的appid
    private String secret; //小程序的秘钥
    private String mchid; //商户号
    private String mchSerialNo; //商户API证书的证书序列号
    private String privateKeyFilePath; //商户私钥文件
    private String apiV3Key; //证书解密的密钥
    private String weChatPayCertFilePath; //平台证书
    private String notifyUrl; //支付成功的回调地址
    private String refundNotifyUrl; //退款成功的回调地址

}

2.3.6.Result代码：用于封装返回的数据和消息

package com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.result;

import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 后端统一返回结果
 * @param <T>
 */
@Data
public class Result<T> implements Serializable {

    private Integer code; //编码：1成功，0和其它数字为失败
    private String msg; //错误信息
    private T data; //数据

    public static <T> Result<T> success() {
        Result<T> result = new Result<T>();
        result.code = 1;
        return result;
    }

    public static <T> Result<T> success(T object) {
        Result<T> result = new Result<T>();
        result.data = object;
        result.code = 1;
        return result;
    }

    public static <T> Result<T> error(String msg) {
        Result result = new Result();
        result.msg = msg;
        result.code = 0;
        return result;
    }

}

2.3.7.HttpClientUtil代码：http工具类，将后端输出封装为符合前端读取的格式

package com.alichat.alibabaChatModel.utils;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Http工具类
 */
public class HttpClientUtil {

    static final  int TIMEOUT_MSEC = 5 * 1000;

    /**
     * 发送GET方式请求
     * @param url
     * @param paramMap
     * @return
     */
    public static String doGet(String url,Map<String,String> paramMap){
        // 创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        String result = "";
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

        try{
            URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);
            if(paramMap != null){
                for (String key : paramMap.keySet()) {
                    builder.addParameter(key,paramMap.get(key));
                }
            }
            URI uri = builder.build();

            //创建GET请求
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);

            //发送请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);

            //判断响应状态
            if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
                result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8");
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                response.close();
                httpClient.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 发送POST方式请求
     * @param url
     * @param paramMap
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> paramMap) throws IOException {
        // 创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String resultString = "";

        try {
            // 创建Http Post请求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

            // 创建参数列表
            if (paramMap != null) {
                List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList();
                for (Map.Entry<String, String> param : paramMap.entrySet()) {
                    paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(param.getKey(), param.getValue()));
                }
                // 模拟表单
                UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList);
                httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            }

            httpPost.setConfig(builderRequestConfig());

            // 执行http请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

            resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw e;
        } finally {
            try {
                response.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return resultString;
    }

    /**
     * 发送POST方式请求
     * @param url
     * @param paramMap
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static String doPost4Json(String url, Map<String, String> paramMap) throws IOException {
        // 创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String resultString = "";

        try {
            // 创建Http Post请求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

            if (paramMap != null) {
                //构造json格式数据
                JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
                for (Map.Entry<String, String> param : paramMap.entrySet()) {
                    jsonObject.put(param.getKey(),param.getValue());
                }
                StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonObject.toString(),"utf-8");
                //设置请求编码
                entity.setContentEncoding("utf-8");
                //设置数据类型
                entity.setContentType("application/json");
                httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            }

            httpPost.setConfig(builderRequestConfig());

            // 执行http请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

            resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw e;
        } finally {
            try {
                response.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return resultString;
    }
    private static RequestConfig builderRequestConfig() {
        return RequestConfig.custom()
                .setConnectTimeout(TIMEOUT_MSEC)
                .setConnectionRequestTimeout(TIMEOUT_MSEC)
                .setSocketTimeout(TIMEOUT_MSEC).build();
    }

}