根据动手学深度学习第一个最简单的Demo,通过此demo旨在了解深度学习都干了什么事情,为什么要做这些事情,便于后续理解更加复杂的神经网络训练
import torch
import random
def synthetic_data(w, b, num_examples):
X = torch.normal(0, 1, (num_examples, len(w)))
y = torch.matmul(X, w) + b
y += torch.normal(0, 0.01, y.shape)
return X, y.reshape((-1, 1))
def data_iter(batch_size, features, labels):
num_examples = len(features)
indices = list(range(num_examples))
random.shuffle(indices)
for i in range(0, num_examples, batch_size):
random_index = indices[i:min(i + batch_size, num_examples)]
batch_indices = torch.tensor(random_index)
yield features[batch_indices], lables[batch_indices]
def linreg(X, w, b):
return torch.matmul(X, w) + b
def squared_loss(y_hat, y):
return (y_hat - y.reshape(y_hat.shape)) ** 2 / 2
def sgd(params, lr, batch_size):
with torch.no_grad():
for param in params:
param -= lr * param.grad / batch_size
param.grad.zero_()
true_w = torch.tensor([2, -3.4])
true_b = 4.3
batch_size = 10
w = torch.normal(0, 0.01, size=(2,1), requires_grad=True)
b = torch.zeros(1, requires_grad=True)
features, lables = synthetic_data(true_w, true_b, 1000)
lr = 0.03
num_epochs = 3
net = linreg
loss = squared_loss
for epoch in range(num_epochs):
for X, y in data_iter(batch_size, features, lables):
l = loss(net(X, w, b), y)
l.sum().backward()
sgd([w, b], lr, batch_size)
with torch.no_grad():
train_l = loss(net(features, w, b), lables)
print(f'epoch {epoch + 1}, loss {float(train_l.mean()):f}', f'w={w}, b={b}')
结果:
epoch 1, loss 0.042685 w=tensor([[ 1.8874],
[-3.2286]], requires_grad=True), b=tensor([4.0865], requires_grad=True)
epoch 2, loss 0.000169 w=tensor([[ 1.9937],
[-3.3907]], requires_grad=True), b=tensor([4.2893], requires_grad=True)
epoch 3, loss 0.000054 w=tensor([[ 2.0000],
[-3.3992]], requires_grad=True), b=tensor([4.2994], requires_grad=True)
能看到,最者不断的训练,模型的参数,逐渐靠近我们模拟数据集的原始参数。