FTP
客服管理系统
实现kefu123登录，不允许匿名访问，kefu只能访问/data/kefu目录，不能查看其他目录
创建账号密码
useradd kefu
echo 123|passwd -stdin kefu
[root@code caozx26420]# echo 123|passwd --stdin kefu
更改用户 kefu 的密码 。
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
[root@code caozx26420]# tail -5 /etc/passwd
postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
caozx26420:x:1000:1000:caozx26420:/home/caozx26420:/bin/bash
code:x:1001:1001::/home/code:/bin/bash
kefu:x:1002:1002::/home/kefu:/bin/bash
设置不允许匿名登录
cd /etc/vsftpd
man 5 vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=NO
[root@code kefu]# grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=YES
local_enable=YES
local_root=/data/kefu
chroot_local_user=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
xferlog_std_format=YES
listen=NO
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
[root@code kefu]# systemctl restart vsftpd
[root@code kefu]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd,conf
[root@code kefu]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
[root@code kefu]# grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=NO
local_enable=YES
local_root=/data/kefu
chroot_local_user=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
xferlog_std_format=YES
listen=NO
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
[root@code kefu]# systemctl restart vsftpd
[root@code kefu]#
创建指定目录，用户登录访问
mkdir /data/kefu -p
vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
local_root=/data/kefu
:wq
systemctl restart vsftpd
[root@code caozx26420]# grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=YES
local_enable=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
xferlog_std_format=YES
listen=NO
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
[root@code caozx26420]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
[root@code caozx26420]# cd /data/kefu
bash: cd: /data/kefu: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@code caozx26420]# mkdir /data/kefu -p
[root@code caozx26420]# ls
525.txt core.2691 复仇女神4.png 公共 模板 视频 图片 文档 下载 音乐 桌面
[root@code caozx26420]# cd /data/kefu
[root@code kefu]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
[root@code kefu]# grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=YES
local_enable=YES
local_root=/data/kefu
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
xferlog_std_format=YES
listen=NO
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
[root@code kefu]# systemctl restart vsftpd
设置不允许跳转出该目录
vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
chroot_local_user=YES
systemctl restart vsftpd
[root@code kefu]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
[root@code kefu]# grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=YES
local_enable=YES
local_root=/data/kefu
chroot_local_user=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
xferlog_std_format=YES
listen=NO
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
[root@code kefu]# systemctl restart vsftpd
测试
192.168.235.20
Last login: Sun Jun 8 21:14:30 2025 from 192.168.235.1
[root@code ~]# ftp 192.168.235.100
Connected to 192.168.235.100 (192.168.235.100).
220 (vsFTPd 3.0.2)
Name (192.168.235.100:root): kefu
331 Please specify the password.
Password:
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp> cd /
250 Directory successfully changed.
ftp> ls
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,235,100,185,22).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> ls
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,235,100,52,228).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> cd /
250 Directory successfully changed.
ftp> ls
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,235,100,186,69).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> cd /usr
550 Failed to change directory.
ftp> cd /
250 Directory successfully changed.
ftp> ls
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,235,100,160,124).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
226 Directory send OK.
ftp>
效果：切换后 无目录 推测没有切换 被禁锢
使用本机连接
无法点击
测试上传、下载
无法上传
查看对应目录权限
ll -d /data/kefu
[root@code kefu]# ll -d /data/kefu
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 6月 9 21:38 /data/kefu
赋予kefu rwx权限
setfacl -R -m u:kefu:rwx /data/kefu
[root@code kefu]# setfacl -R -m u:kefu:rwx /data/kefu
[root@code kefu]# ll -d /data/kefu
drwxrwxr-x+ 2 root root 6 6月 9 21:38 /data/kefu
重启
systemctl restart vsftpd
[root@code kefu]# systemctl restart vsftpd
测试
5000PS报错
开放allow_writeable_chroot=YES
[root@code kefu]# grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=NO
local_enable=YES
local_root=/data/kefu
chroot_local_user=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
xferlog_std_format=YES
listen=NO
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
[root@code kefu]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
[root@code kefu]# grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=NO
local_enable=YES
local_root=/data/kefu
chroot_local_user=YES
allow_writeable_chroot=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
xferlog_std_format=YES
listen=NO
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
[root@code kefu]# systemctl restart vsftpd
[root@code kefu]#
无法切换目录
代码
192.168.235.100
code@192.168.235.100's password:
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ • MobaXterm 20.0 • │
│ (SSH client, X-server and networking tools) │
│ │
│ ➤ SSH session to code@192.168.235.100 │
│ • SSH compression : ✘ │
│ • SSH-browser : ✔ │
│ • X11-forwarding : ✔ (remote display is forwarded through SSH) │
│ • DISPLAY : ✔ (automatically set on remote server) │
│ │
│ ➤ For more info, ctrl+click on help or visit our website │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Last login: Sun Jun 8 21:15:07 2025 from 192.168.235.1
[code@code ~]$ sudo su
[sudo] code 的密码：
code 不在 sudoers 文件中。此事将被报告。
[code@code ~]$ su - caozx26
su: user caozx26 does not exist
[code@code ~]$ su - caozx26420
密码：
上一次登录：日 6月 8 17:59:33 CST 2025pts/2 上
[caozx26420@code ~]$ sudo su
[sudo] caozx26420 的密码：
[root@code caozx26420]# echo 123|passwd --stdin kefu
更改用户 kefu 的密码 。
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
[root@code caozx26420]# tail -5 /etc/passwd
postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
caozx26420:x:1000:1000:caozx26420:/home/caozx26420:/bin/bash
code:x:1001:1001::/home/code:/bin/bash
kefu:x:1002:1002::/home/kefu:/bin/bash
[root@code caozx26420]# cat /etc/vsftpd/vsftp.conf
cat: /etc/vsftpd/vsftp.conf: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@code caozx26420]# cat /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool ftp_home_dir
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode. The vsftpd.conf(5) man page explains
# the behaviour when these options are disabled.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
#chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=NO
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
[root@code caozx26420]# grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=YES
local_enable=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
xferlog_std_format=YES
listen=NO
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
[root@code caozx26420]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
[root@code caozx26420]# cd /data/kefu
bash: cd: /data/kefu: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@code caozx26420]# mkdir /data/kefu -p
[root@code caozx26420]# ls
525.txt core.2691 复仇女神4.png 公共 模板 视频 图片 文档 下载 音乐 桌面
[root@code caozx26420]# cd /data/kefu
[root@code kefu]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
[root@code kefu]# grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=YES
local_enable=YES
local_root=/data/kefu
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
xferlog_std_format=YES
listen=NO
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
[root@code kefu]# systemctl restart vsftpd
[root@code kefu]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
[root@code kefu]# grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=YES
local_enable=YES
local_root=/data/kefu
chroot_local_user=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
xferlog_std_format=YES
listen=NO
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
[root@code kefu]# systemctl restart vsftpd
[root@code kefu]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd,conf
[root@code kefu]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
[root@code kefu]# grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=NO
local_enable=YES
local_root=/data/kefu
chroot_local_user=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
xferlog_std_format=YES
listen=NO
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
[root@code kefu]# systemctl restart vsftpd
[root@code kefu]# ll -d /data/kefu
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 6月 9 21:38 /data/kefu
[root@code kefu]# setfacl -R -m u:kefu:rwx /data/kefu
[root@code kefu]# ll -d /data/kefu
drwxrwxr-x+ 2 root root 6 6月 9 21:38 /data/kefu
[root@code kefu]# systemctl restart vsftpd
[root@code kefu]# grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=NO
local_enable=YES
local_root=/data/kefu
chroot_local_user=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
xferlog_std_format=YES
listen=NO
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
[root@code kefu]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
[root@code kefu]# grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=NO
local_enable=YES
local_root=/data/kefu
chroot_local_user=YES
allow_writeable_chroot=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
xferlog_std_format=YES
listen=NO
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
[root@code kefu]# systemctl restart vsftpd
[root@code kefu]#
192.168.235.20
root@192.168.235.20's password:
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ • MobaXterm 20.0 • │
│ (SSH client, X-server and networking tools) │
│ │
│ ➤ SSH session to root@192.168.235.20 │
│ • SSH compression : ✘ │
│ • SSH-browser : ✔ │
│ • X11-forwarding : ✔ (remote display is forwarded through SSH) │
│ • DISPLAY : ✔ (automatically set on remote server) │
│ │
│ ➤ For more info, ctrl+click on help or visit our website │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Last login: Sun Jun 8 21:14:30 2025 from 192.168.235.1
[root@code ~]# ftp 192.168.235.100
Connected to 192.168.235.100 (192.168.235.100).
220 (vsFTPd 3.0.2)
Name (192.168.235.100:root): kefu
331 Please specify the password.
Password:
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp> cd /
250 Directory successfully changed.
ftp> ls
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,235,100,185,22).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> ls
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,235,100,52,228).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> cd /
250 Directory successfully changed.
ftp> ls
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,235,100,186,69).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> cd /usr
550 Failed to change directory.
ftp> cd /
250 Directory successfully changed.
ftp> ls
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,235,100,160,124).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
226 Directory send OK.
ftp>