Docker Compose部署Spring Cloud 微服务系统

我们将为你的环境（CentOS + Docker Compose + Maven + JDK 17）生成并部署一个基础的 Spring Cloud 微服务系统。整个项目结构将包括以下组件：

✅ 项目模块结构（Spring Cloud Alibaba 示例）

springcloud-demo/
├── eureka-server/       # 注册中心
├── config-server/       # 配置中心（可选）
├── gateway/             # 网关服务
├── service-user/        # 用户微服务
├── service-order/       # 订单微服务
└── docker-compose.yml   # 一键部署入口

一、构建服务模块

我们先从最核心的 eureka-server 开始。以下是所需关键文件：

1. eureka-server/pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
                             http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <name>eureka-server</name>
  <description>Eureka Server for Spring Cloud</description>

  <parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.5</version>
    <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
  </parent>

  <properties>
    <java.version>17</java.version>
    <spring-cloud.version>2022.0.5</spring-cloud.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
  </dependencyManagement>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

2. eureka-server/src/main/resources/application.yml

server:
  port: 8761
eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false

3. EurekaServerApplication.java

package com.example.eureka;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaServerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

4. Dockerfile

FROM openjdk:17
COPY target/*.jar app.jar
ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar", "/app.jar"]

二、构建其他模块（如 gateway、service-user 等）

 1. gateway/pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
                             http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>gateway</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>gateway</name>
  <description>Spring Cloud Gateway</description>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.5</version>
  </parent>

  <properties>
    <java.version>17</java.version>
    <spring-cloud.version>2022.0.5</spring-cloud.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
  </dependencyManagement>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

2. gateway/src/main/resources/application.yml

server:
  port: 8080
spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes: []
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka-server:8761/eureka

3. GatewayApplication.java

package com.example.gateway;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class GatewayApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(GatewayApplication.class, args);
    }
}

4. Dockerfile

FROM openjdk:17
COPY target/*.jar app.jar
ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar", "/app.jar"]

可以根据上面结构复用类似配置，接入 Eureka，并配置简单 REST Controller + 注册信息。

三、docker-compose.yml 示例（部署所有服务）

version: '3.8'
services:
  eureka-server:
    build: ./eureka-server
    ports:
      - "8761:8761"

  gateway:
    build: ./gateway
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
    depends_on:
      - eureka-server

  user-service:
    build: ./service-user
    ports:
      - "8081:8081"
    depends_on:
      - eureka-server

networks:
  default:
    name: springcloud-net

四、部署步骤

1. 上传项目至 CentOS（如：/root/springcloud-demo）

2. 构建服务

   cd /root/springcloud-demo mvn clean package -DskipTests

进入项目解压目录，依次执行以下命令：

cd eureka-server

mvn clean package -DskipTests

cd ../gateway

mvn clean package -DskipTests

cd ../user-service

mvn clean package -DskipTests

cd ../order-service

mvn clean package -DskipTests

cd ../auth-service

mvn clean package -DskipTests

1. 构建 & 启动容器

   docker compose up --build -d

2. 访问 Eureka 控制台

   http://<你的服务器IP>:8761

3. 访问 user后台 控制台

   http://<你的服务器IP>:8081/hello