Azure Devops

发布于：2025-06-23 ⋅ 阅读:(20) ⋅ 点赞:(0)

文章目录

项目地址

  • 教程作者：
  • 教程地址：
  • 代码仓库地址：
  • 所用到的框架和插件：
dbt 
airflow

一、Azure Boards

1.1 Scrum 结构

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1. 创建Epic

  • Epic是核心业务模块名称，例如，用户管理，商品和类目管理，支付系统，后台管理，消息和通知服务
    在这里插入图片描述

2. 创建features

  • 添加feauture，需要关联Epic，feature主要是Epic下的功能，例如，在Epic是用户管理模块下，feature是 用户注册和登录，身份和权限认证，用户资料管理，用户角色管理
Epic: 用户与账户管理
├── Feature: 用户注册与登录
├── Feature: 用户资料管理
├── Feature: 地址管理
├── Feature: 权限与角色管理
├── Feature: 通知偏好设置
├── Feature: 第三方登录（可选）
├── Feature: 登录日志与安全审计
└── Feature: 实名认证（可选）

在这里插入图片描述

3. 添加items

  1. 添加一个feature下的items，这里举例feature是用户注册和登录功能
    在这里插入图片描述
  2. 添加最小的item这里是创建用户注册的api功能 ，并且将该item连接到他的父类Feature下

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3. 创建一个tasks， 在上面的页面下，添加新的links，为Child，例如创建用户注册api需要的table，需要的controller等

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4. 创建多个tasks在一个item下

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4. 总结

以上的任务一般是Devops团队或者Leader用来创建，作为开发只需要关注，Work Items下分配给自己的任务

在这里插入图片描述

二、Pipeline

2.1 流程

[Feature 分支开发]
      ↓
[Pull Request ➜ develop 分支]
      ↓ (自动 CI: 构建 + 单测 + 静态分析)
[合并 develop ➜ Dev 环境自动部署]
      ↓
[功能验收后 ➜ 创建 release 分支]
      ↓ (CI: 全流程 + 安全扫描 + E2E测试)
[合并 release ➜ main + tag ➜ 触发生产部署]
      ↓
[生产环境部署 + 审批 + 蓝绿发布 + 监控]

1. Feature分支开发

  1. 从dev分支拉去代码到本地
  2. 进行本地开发和测试
  3. 完成后提交代码远程feature分支

2. PR合并到dev分支

  1. 创建pull request
  2. Review 通过后合并
  3. 自动触发CI：
    ①恢复依赖（dotnet restore/npm install）
    ②编译环境（dotnet build/npm run build）
    ③单元测试
    ④SonarQube 分析

3. CI/CD 部署到 Dev 环境（自动）

  1. YAML pipeline 检测到 develop 分支更新，自动触发
    ①构建发布包
    ②可选 Docker 镜像构建并推送 ACR
    ③部署至 Azure Dev 环境（App Service 或 AKS Dev 命名空间）
    ④环境变量通过 Azure Key Vault 注入

4. 发布准备

  1. 功能开发完成后，从 develop 创建 release 分支
  2. 触发完整 CI 流程：
    ①单元测试
    ②静态分析（Sonar）
    ③安全漏洞扫描（Snyk, CodeQL）
    ④集成测试
    ⑤E2E 自动化测试（Playwright / Selenium）

5. 提交生产版本（合并到 main 并打 Tag）

  1. 触发 main 分支生产部署流程
  2. CI 构建发布包 → 存入 Artifact
  3. 自动或手动部署 Production
  4. 启用审批流程（部署前审核）
    支持：
    蓝绿部署（App Service deployment slots）
    滚动更新（AKS）

6. 部署到生产环境（CD）

  1. 审批通过后，部署至生产环境：
  2. 环境名称：Production
  3. 审批人：Tech Lead / PM
    步骤：
    恢复变量
    应用 Key Vault 中的连接字符串等密钥
    部署
    可回滚上一个构建版本（Azure Pipelines 支持）

7. 总结

类型 工具 用途
CI Azure Pipelines / GitHub Actions 编译、测试、发布 Artifact
CD Azure Release / multi-stage YAML 多环境部署
静态分析 SonarQube C# / JS 代码规范和复杂度分析
安全扫描 Snyk / CodeQL 检测依赖和代码漏洞
Secret 管理 Azure Key Vault 安全存储数据库连接字符串等
基础设施 IaC Terraform / Bicep 管理 Redis、Cosmos、App Service
测试 MSTest / xUnit / Playwright 单测、集成测试、E2E
审批 Azure DevOps Environments 生产前手动批准发布

2.2 一个完整的aks部署

  • 部署product服务到aks
trigger:
  branches:
    include:
      - dev
      - qa
      - uat
      - staging
      - prod

resources:
- repo: self

variables:
  - name: dockerRegistryServiceConnection
    value: '525b95a9-e717-4679-b26e-222b52619223'
  - name: imageRepository
    value: 'products-microservice'
  - name: containerRegistry
    value: 'harshaecommerceregistry.azurecr.io'
  - name: dockerfilePath
    value: '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)/ProductsMicroService.API/Dockerfile'
  - name: tag
    value: '$(Build.BuildId)'
  - name: linuxImageName 
    value: 'ubuntu-latest'
  - name: windowsImageName
    value: 'windows-latest'
  - name: imageRepository
    value: products-microservice
  - name: aksClusterName
    value: 'ecommerce-aks-cluster'
  - name: devAksServiceConnectionName
    value: 'dev-ecommerce-aks-cluster-dev-1728475525366'
  - name: qaAksServiceConnectionName
    value: 'qa-ecommerce-aks-cluster-qa-1728475742545'
  - name: uatAksServiceConnectionName
    value: 'uat-ecommerce-aks-cluster-uat-1728475843682'
  - name: stagingAksServiceConnectionName
    value: 'staging-ecommerce-aks-cluster-staging-1728475932481'
  - name: prodAksServiceConnectionName
    value: 'prod-ecommerce-aks-cluster-prod-1728475982025'
  - name: devKubernetesNamespace
    value: 'dev'
  - name: qaKubernetesNamespace
    value: 'qa'
  - name: uatKubernetesNamespace
    value: 'uat'
  - name: stagingKubernetesNamespace
    value: 'staging'
  - name: prodKubernetesNamespace
    value: 'prod'


stages:
- stage: Build
  displayName: Build and push stage
  jobs:
  - job: Build
    displayName: Docker Build
    pool:
      vmImage: $(linuxImageName)
    steps:
    - task: Docker@2
      displayName: Build and push an image to container registry
      inputs:
        command: buildAndPush
        repository: $(imageRepository)
        dockerfile: $(dockerfilePath)
        containerRegistry: $(dockerRegistryServiceConnection)
        tags: |
          $(tag)
        buildContext: $(Build.SourcesDirectory)

- stage: Test
  displayName: Test and publish results stage
  jobs:
  - job: RunTest
    displayName: Run Unit tests
    pool:
      vmImage: $(windowsImageName)
    steps:
    - checkout: self
      displayName: Checkout source code

    - task: NuGetToolInstaller@1
      displayName: Install NuGetTool

    - task: NuGetCommand@2
      displayName: Restore NuGet Packages
      inputs:
        command: 'restore'
        restoreSolution: '**/*.sln'
        
    - task: MSBuild@1
      displayName: Build solution
      inputs:
        solution: '**/*.sln'
        msbuildArchitecture: 'x64'
        platform: 'Any CPU'
        configuration: 'Debug'
    
    - task: VSTest@3
      displayName: Test solution
      inputs:
        testSelector: 'testAssemblies'
        testAssemblyVer2: |
          **\ProductsUnitTests.dll
          !**\*TestAdapter.dll
          !**\obj\**
        searchFolder: '$(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)'
        runTestsInIsolation: true
        codeCoverageEnabled: true

- stage: DeployToDev
  displayName: Deploy to Dev
  dependsOn: Test
  condition: and(succeeded('Build'), eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/dev'))

  jobs:
  - deployment: DeploymentToDev
    displayName: Deployment to Dev Environment
    environment: dev
    strategy:
      runOnce:
        deploy:
            steps:
            - checkout: self
              displayName: Checkout source code
        
            - script: |
                echo "Listing contents of k8s"
                ls -l $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/k8s/dev
              displayName:  'List Files in k8s/dev Directory'

            - script: |
                find $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/k8s/dev -type f \( -name "*.yaml" -o -name "*.yml" \) -exec sed -i 's/__TAG__/$(tag)/g' {} +
              displayName: 'Replace image tag in all deployment files'

            - task: Kubernetes@1
              displayName: Deploy to dev namespace in kubernetes
              inputs:
                kubernetesServiceEndpoint: $(devAksServiceConnectionName)
                kubernetesCluster: $(aksClusterName)
                namespace: $(devKubernetesNamespace)
                command: apply
                arguments: '-f $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/k8s/dev/.'


- stage: DeployToQA
  displayName: Deploy to QA
  dependsOn: Test
  condition: and(succeeded('Build'), eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/qa'))

  jobs:
  - deployment: DeploymentToQA
    displayName: Deployment to QA Environment
    environment: qa
    strategy:
      runOnce:
        deploy:
            steps:
            - checkout: self
              displayName: Checkout source code
        
            - script: |
                echo "Listing contents of k8s"
                ls -l $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/k8s/qa
              displayName:  'List Files in k8s/qa Directory'

            - script: |
                find $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/k8s/qa -type f \( -name "*.yaml" -o -name "*.yml" \) -exec sed -i 's/__TAG__/$(tag)/g' {} +
              displayName: 'Replace image tag in all deployment files'

            - task: Kubernetes@1
              displayName: Deploy to qa namespace in kubernetes
              inputs:
                kubernetesServiceEndpoint: $(qaAksServiceConnectionName)
                kubernetesCluster: $(aksClusterName)
                namespace: $(qaKubernetesNamespace)
                command: apply
                arguments: '-f $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/k8s/qa/.'


- stage: DeployToUAT
  displayName: Deploy to UAT
  dependsOn: Test
  condition: and(succeeded('Build'), eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/uat'))

  jobs:
  - deployment: DeploymentToUAT
    displayName: Deployment to UAT Environment
    environment: uat
    strategy:
      runOnce:
        deploy:
            steps:
            - checkout: self
              displayName: Checkout source code
        
            - script: |
                echo "Listing contents of k8s"
                ls -l $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/k8s/uat
              displayName:  'List Files in k8s/uat Directory'

            - script: |
                find $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/k8s/uat -type f \( -name "*.yaml" -o -name "*.yml" \) -exec sed -i 's/__TAG__/$(tag)/g' {} +
              displayName: 'Replace image tag in all deployment files'

            - task: Kubernetes@1
              displayName: Deploy to uat namespace in kubernetes
              inputs:
                kubernetesServiceEndpoint: $(uatAksServiceConnectionName)
                kubernetesCluster: $(aksClusterName)
                namespace: $(uatKubernetesNamespace)
                command: apply
                arguments: '-f $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/k8s/uat/.'


- stage: DeployToStaging
  displayName: Deploy to Staging
  dependsOn: Test
  condition: and(succeeded('Build'), eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/staging'))

  jobs:
  - deployment: DeploymentToStaging
    displayName: Deployment to Staging Environment
    environment: staging
    strategy:
      runOnce:
        deploy:
            steps:
            - checkout: self
              displayName: Checkout source code
        
            - script: |
                echo "Listing contents of k8s"
                ls -l $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/k8s/staging
              displayName:  'List Files in k8s/staging Directory'

            - script: |
                find $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/k8s/staging -type f \( -name "*.yaml" -o -name "*.yml" \) -exec sed -i 's/__TAG__/$(tag)/g' {} +
              displayName: 'Replace image tag in all deployment files'

            - task: Kubernetes@1
              displayName: Deploy to staging namespace in kubernetes
              inputs:
                kubernetesServiceEndpoint: $(stagingAksServiceConnectionName)
                kubernetesCluster: $(aksClusterName)
                namespace: $(stagingKubernetesNamespace)
                command: apply
                arguments: '-f $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/k8s/staging/.'


- stage: DeployToProduction
  displayName: Deploy to Production
  dependsOn: Test
  condition: and(succeeded('Build'), eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/prod'))

  jobs:
  - deployment: DeploymentToProduction
    displayName: Deployment to Production Environment
    environment: prod
    strategy:
      runOnce:
        deploy:
            steps:
            - checkout: self
              displayName: Checkout source code
        
            - script: |
                echo "Listing contents of k8s"
                ls -l $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/k8s/prod
              displayName:  'List Files in k8s/prod Directory'

            - script: |
                find $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/k8s/prod -type f \( -name "*.yaml" -o -name "*.yml" \) -exec sed -i 's/__TAG__/$(tag)/g' {} +
              displayName: 'Replace image tag in all deployment files'

            - task: Kubernetes@1
              displayName: Deploy to prod namespace in kubernetes
              inputs:
                kubernetesServiceEndpoint: $(prodAksServiceConnectionName)
                kubernetesCluster: $(aksClusterName)
                namespace: $(prodKubernetesNamespace)
                command: apply
                arguments: '-f $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/k8s/prod/.'

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