Django 实现 Web 机器人控制
以下是关于 Django 实现 Web 机器人控制管理的实例思路和关键代码片段，涵盖多个常见场景。由于篇幅限制，剩余的可通过类似模式扩展。
基础机器人模型定义
# models.py
from django.db import models
class Robot(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
status = models.CharField(max_length=20, choices=[
('IDLE', '待机'),
('WORKING', '工作中'),
('ERROR', '故障')
])
ip_address = models.GenericIPAddressField()
last_heartbeat = models.DateTimeField(null=True)
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.name} ({self.status})"
REST API 控制接口
# views.py
from rest_framework import viewsets
from .models import Robot
from .serializers import RobotSerializer
class RobotViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = Robot.objects.all()
serializer_class = RobotSerializer
实时状态监控
# consumers.py (WebSocket)
import json
from channels.generic.websocket import AsyncWebsocketConsumer
class RobotStatusConsumer(AsyncWebsocketConsumer):
async def connect(self):
await self.accept()
async def receive(self, text_data):
data = json.loads(text_data)
robot = Robot.objects.get(id=data['robot_id'])
await self.send(text_data=json.dumps({
'status': robot.status,
'last_heartbeat': str(robot.last_heartbeat)
}))
任务队列管理
# tasks.py
from celery import shared_task
from .models import Robot
@shared_task
def execute_robot_command(robot_id, command):
robot = Robot.objects.get(id=robot_id)
# 执行具体控制逻辑
robot.status = 'WORKING'
robot.save()
自动化测试机器人
# test_robots.py
from django.test import TestCase
from .models import Robot
class RobotTestCase(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
Robot.objects.create(name="TestBot", status="IDLE", ip_address="127.0.0.1")
def test_robot_status_change(self):
robot = Robot.objects.get(name="TestBot")
robot.status = "WORKING"
robot.save()
self.assertEqual(robot.status, "WORKING")
权限控制系统
# permissions.py
from rest_framework import permissions
class IsRobotOwner(permissions.BasePermission):
def has_object_permission(self, request, view, obj):
return obj.owner == request.user
批量导入导出
# admin.py
from django.contrib import admin
from import_export import resources
from import_export.admin import ImportExportModelAdmin
from .models import Robot
class RobotResource(resources.ModelResource):
class Meta:
model = Robot
@admin.register(Robot)
class RobotAdmin(ImportExportModelAdmin):
resource_class = RobotResource
地理围栏控制
# geofence.py
from django.contrib.gis.db import models
class GeoFence(models.Model):
robot = models.ForeignKey(Robot, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
boundary = models.PolygonField()
is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
日志记录系统
# log_handlers.py
from django.db import models
from .models import Robot
class RobotLog(models.Model):
robot = models.ForeignKey(Robot, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
message = models.TextField()
level = models.CharField(max_length=10)
可视化仪表盘
# dashboard.py
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
class RobotDashboardView(TemplateView):
template_name = "robots/dashboard.html"
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
context['active_robots'] = Robot.objects.filter(status='WORKING').count()
return context
完整实现需要结合具体业务需求扩展。建议参考 Django Channels 实现实时通信、Celery 处理异步任务、DRF 构建 REST API 等关键技术栈。
基于Django的Web版多机器人控制
以下是一个基于Django的Web版多机器人集合控制系统的代码框架示例，包含核心功能模块和实现逻辑：
模型设计（models.py）
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
class Robot(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
ip_address = models.CharField(max_length=15)
status = models.CharField(max_length=20, default='offline')
last_heartbeat = models.DateTimeField(null=True)
created_by = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
class Task(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
command = models.TextField()
assigned_robots = models.ManyToManyField(Robot)
status = models.CharField(max_length=20, default='pending')
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
视图控制（views.py）
from django.shortcuts import render
from rest_framework import viewsets
from .models import Robot, Task
from .serializers import RobotSerializer, TaskSerializer
class RobotViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = Robot.objects.all()
serializer_class = RobotSerializer
class TaskViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = Task.objects.all()
serializer_class = TaskSerializer
def control_panel(request):
robots = Robot.objects.filter(status='online')
tasks = Task.objects.all()
return render(request, 'control_panel.html', {'robots': robots, 'tasks': tasks})
序列化器（serializers.py）
from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import Robot, Task
class RobotSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Robot
fields = '__all__'
class TaskSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Task
fields = '__all__'
前端模板（control_panel.html）
<div class="robot-list">
{% for robot in robots %}
<div class="robot-card" data-id="{
{ robot.id }}">
<h3>{
{ robot.name }}</h3>
<p>Status: <span class="status">{
{ robot.status }}</span></p>
<button class="command-btn" data-cmd="start">Start</button>
<button class="command-btn" data-cmd="stop">Stop</button>
</div>
{% endfor %}
</div>
<script>
document.querySelectorAll('.command-btn').forEach(btn => {
btn.addEventListener('click', async () => {
const robotId = btn.closest('.robot-card').dataset.id;
const command = btn.dataset.cmd;
await fetch(`/api/robots/${robotId}/command/`, {
method: 'POST',
body: JSON.stringify({command: command}),
headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
});
});
});
</script>
路由配置（urls.py）
from django.urls import path, include
from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter
from . import views
router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'robots', views.RobotViewSet)
router.register(r'tasks', views.TaskViewSet)
urlpatterns = [
path('api/', include(router.urls)),
path('control/', views.control_panel, name='control_panel'),
]
机器人通信接口（apis.py）
import requests
from django.conf import settings
def send_command_to_robot(robot_ip, command):
try:
response = requests.post(
f'http://{robot_ip}:{settings.ROBOT_PORT}/command',
json={'command': command},
timeout=5
)
return response.status_code == 200
except requests.exceptions.RequestException:
return False
该系统需要配合以下组件使用：
- Django REST framework 用于API接口
- WebSocket或轮询机制实现实时状态更新
- 每个机器人端需要运行对应的HTTP服务接收命令
- Celery可用于异步任务调度