C#游戏开发实战案例精选

C#游戏开发的实例

以下是一些C#游戏开发的实例，涵盖不同难度和类型，适合从入门到进阶的学习参考。这些例子可以通过Unity、MonoGame或其他C#游戏框架实现。

猜数字游戏

基础版猜数字游戏

使用Random类生成1-100的随机数，玩家通过控制台输入猜测，程序提示“太大”或“太小”，直到猜中后显示尝试次数。

using System;

class GuessNumber
{
    static void Main()
    {
        Random random = new Random();
        int target = random.Next(1, 101);
        int guess, attempts = 0;

        Console.WriteLine("猜数字游戏（1-100）");

        do
        {
            Console.Write("输入你的猜测: ");
            guess = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
            attempts++;

            if (guess > target) Console.WriteLine("太大");
            else if (guess < target) Console.WriteLine("太小");
        } while (guess != target);

        Console.WriteLine($"恭喜！猜中数字 {target}，共尝试 {attempts} 次");
    }
}

进阶版猜数字游戏

添加输入验证、次数限制（10次）和重玩功能，使用TryParse处理非法输入。

using System;

class AdvancedGuessNumber
{
    static void Main()
    {
        bool playAgain = true;
        while (playAgain)
        {
            Random random = new Random();
            int target = random.Next(1, 101);
            int guess, attempts = 0, maxAttempts = 10;

            Console.WriteLine($"猜数字游戏（1-100），最多{maxAttempts}次尝试");

            while (attempts < maxAttempts)
            {
                Console.Write($"剩余尝试次数 {maxAttempts - attempts}: ");
                if (!int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out guess))
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("请输入有效数字");
                    continue;
                }

                attempts++;
                if (guess == target)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine($"恭喜！第{attempts}次猜中数字 {target}");
                    break;
                }
                Console.WriteLine(guess > target ? "太大" : "太小");
            }

            if (attempts >= maxAttempts)
                Console.WriteLine($"失败！正确数字是 {target}");

            Console.Write("再玩一次？(y/n): ");
            playAgain = Console.ReadLine().ToLower() == "y";
        }
    }
}

关键实现说明

• 随机数生成：Random.Next(minValue, maxValue)包含下限不包含上限
• 输入验证：int.TryParse避免程序因非法输入崩溃
• 循环控制：do-while确保至少执行一次，while配合计数器限制尝试次数

两个版本均可在Visual Studio或.NET CLI中直接运行，进阶版通过增加异常处理和游戏流程控制提升用户体验。

井字棋（Tic-Tac-Toe）

简易控制台井字棋

以下是一个基础的C#控制台井字棋实现，包含玩家轮流输入坐标的功能：

using System;

class TicTacToe
{
    static char[] board = { '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' };
    static int currentPlayer = 1; 

    static void Main()
    {
        int choice;
        bool validInput;
        int gameStatus = 0; // 0:游戏继续, 1:有赢家, -1:平局

        do
        {
            Console.Clear();
            Console.WriteLine("玩家1: X 和 玩家2: O");
            Console.WriteLine("\n");
            
            DrawBoard();
            
            Console.WriteLine($"玩家 {currentPlayer} 的回合，输入位置数字:");
            validInput = int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out choice);

            if (validInput && choice >= 1 && choice <= 9 && board[choice - 1] != 'X' && board[choice - 1] != 'O')
            {
                board[choice - 1] = (currentPlayer == 1) ? 'X' : 'O';
                currentPlayer = (currentPlayer == 1) ? 2 : 1;
            }
            
            gameStatus = CheckWin();
        }
        while (gameStatus == 0);

        Console.Clear();
        DrawBoard();

        if (gameStatus == 1)
            Console.WriteLine($"玩家 {(currentPlayer == 1 ? 2 : 1)} 获胜!");
        else
            Console.WriteLine("平局!");
    }

    static void DrawBoard()
    {
        Console.WriteLine($" {board[0]} | {board[1]} | {board[2]} ");
        Console.WriteLine("-----------");
        Console.WriteLine($" {board[3]} | {board[4]} | {board[5]} ");
        Console.WriteLine("-----------");
        Console.WriteLine($" {board[6]} | {board[7]} | {board[8]} ");
    }

    static int CheckWin()
    {
        // 检查行
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i += 3)
            if (board[i] == board[i + 1] && board[i + 1] == board[i + 2])
                return 1;

        // 检查列
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
            if (board[i] == board[i + 3] && board[i + 3] == board[i + 6])
                return 1;

        // 检查对角线
        if ((board[0] == board[4] && board[4] == board[8]) || 
            (board[2] == board[4] && board[4] == board[6]))
            return 1;

        // 检查平局
        foreach (char spot in board)
            if (spot != 'X' && spot != 'O')
                return 0;

        return -1;
    }
}

面向对象版本

这个版本使用面向对象设计，分离了游戏逻辑和显示逻辑：

public class TicTacToeGame
{
    private char[] board;
    private int currentPlayer;

    public TicTacToeGame()
    {
        board = new char[] { '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' };
        currentPlayer = 1;
    }

    public bool MakeMove(int position)
    {
        if (position < 1 || position > 9 || board[position - 1] == 'X' || board[position - 1] == 'O')
            return false;

        board[position - 1] = (currentPlayer == 1) ? 'X' : 'O';
        currentPlayer = 3 - currentPlayer; // 在1和2之间切换
        return true;
    }

    public int CheckGameStatus()
    {
        // 检查行
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i += 3)
            if (board[i] != ' ' && board[i] == board[i + 1] && board[i + 1] == board[i + 2])
                return board[i] == 'X' ? 1 : 2;

        // 检查列
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
            if (board[i] != ' ' && board[i] == board[i + 3] && board[i + 3] == board[i + 6])
                return board[i] == 'X' ? 1 : 2;

        // 检查对角线
        if (board[0] != ' ' && board[0] == board[4] && board[4] == board[8])
            return board[0] == 'X' ? 1 : 2;
        if (board[2] != ' ' && board[2] == board[4] && board[4] == board[6])
            return board[2] == 'X' ? 1 : 2;

        // 检查平局
        foreach (char spot in board)
            if (spot != 'X' && spot != 'O')
                return 0; // 游戏继续

        return -1; // 平局
    }

    public char[] GetBoardState() => (char[])board.Clone();
    public int GetCurrentPlayer() => currentPlayer;
}

WPF图形界面版本

以下是WPF实现的图形界面井字棋核心代码：

public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
    private TicTacToeGame game = new TicTacToeGame();
    private Button[] buttons;

    public MainWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
        buttons = new Button[] { btn1, btn2, btn3, btn4, btn5, btn6, btn7, btn8, btn9 };
    }

    private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        Button button = (Button)sender;
        int position = int.Parse(button.Tag.ToString());

        if (game.MakeMove(position))
        {
            button.Content = game.GetBoardState()[position - 1];
            button.IsEnabled = false;

            int status = game.CheckGameStatus();
            if (status > 0)
                MessageBox.Show($"玩家 {status} 获胜!");
            else if (status == -1)
                MessageBox.Show("平局!");
        }
    }

    private void NewGame_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        game = new TicTacToeGame();
        foreach (Button btn in buttons)
        {
            btn.Content = "";
            btn.IsEnabled = true;
        }
    }
}

简单AI对手

添加一个随机选择空位的简单AI：

public class TicTacToeAI
{
    private Random random = new Random();

    public int GetAIMove(char[] board)
    {
        List<int> availableMoves = new List<int>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
            if (board[i] != 'X' && board[i] != 'O')
                availableMoves.Add(i + 1);

        return availableMoves.Count > 0 ? 
            availableMoves[random.Next(availableMoves.Count)] : -1;
    }
}

// 使用示例
TicTacToeAI ai = new TicTacToeAI();
int aiMove = ai.GetAIMove(game.GetBoardState());
if (aiMove != -1) 
    game.MakeMove(aiMove);

最小最大算法AI

实现一个使用最小最大算法的不败AI：

public class MinimaxAI
{
    public int GetBestMove(char[] board, char player)
    {
        int bestScore = int.MinValue;
        int bestMove = -1;

        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
        {
            if (board[i] != 'X' && board[i] != 'O')
            {
                board[i] = player;
                int score = Minimax(board, 0, false, player);
                board[i] = (i + 1).ToString()[0]; // 撤销移动

                if (score > bestScore)
                {
                    bestScore = score;
                    bestMove = i + 1;
                }
            }
        }

        return bestMove;
    }

    private int Minimax(char[] board, int depth, bool isMaximizing, char player)
    {
        char opponent = (player == 'X') ? 'O' : 'X';
        int result = Evaluate(board, player);
        if (result != 0) return result;

        if (IsBoardFull(board)) return 0;

        if (isMaximizing)
        {
            int bestScore = int.MinValue;
            for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
            {
                if (board[i] != 'X' && board[i] != 'O')
                {
                    board[i] = player;
                    int score = Minimax(board, depth + 1, false, player);
                    board[i] = (i + 1).ToString()[0];
                    bestScore = Math.Max(score, bestScore);
                }
            }
            return bestScore;
        }
        else
        {
            int bestScore = int.MaxValue;
            for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
            {
                if (board[i] != 'X' && board[i] != 'O')
                {
                    board[i] = opponent;
                    int score = Mi