在网上找到一个把32位汇编程序转为64位的存储库，
https://codeload.github.com/theadityalunawat/assembler_converter/zip/refs/heads/master
把代码下载下来以后，
32_bit.asm
extern printf
global main
section .data
message db "Hello World", 10, 0
section .text
main:
pushad
push dword message
call printf
add esp, 4
popad
ret
64_bit.asm
global _start
section .data
message db "Hello Cloud!",10 , 0
section .text
_start:
mov rax,1
mov rdi,1
mov rsi, message
mov rdx, 13
syscall
mov rax, 60
mov rdi, 0
syscall
先用fasm程序汇编
结果报各种错误
./fasm asmcov/32_bit.asm
flat assembler version 1.73.32 (16384 kilobytes memory)
asmcov/32_bit.asm [1]:
extern printf
processed: extern printf
error: illegal instruction.
./fasm -f elf64 asmcov/64_bit.asm
flat assembler version 1.73.32
usage: fasm <source> [output]
optional settings:
-m <limit> set the limit in kilobytes for the available memory
-p <limit> set the maximum allowed number of passes
-d <name>=<value> define symbolic variable
-s <file> dump symbolic information for debugging
./fasm.x64 asmcov/64_bit.asm
flat assembler version 1.73.32 (16384 kilobytes memory, x64)
asmcov/64_bit.asm [1]:
global _start
processed: global _start
error: illegal instruction.
到nasm主页下载了源代码
编译安装很简单./configure 和 make就行了。
# nasm-2.16.03/nasm asmcov/64_bit.asm
asmcov/64_bit.asm:8: error: instruction not supported in 16-bit mode
asmcov/64_bit.asm:9: error: instruction not supported in 16-bit mode
asmcov/64_bit.asm:10: error: instruction not supported in 16-bit mode
asmcov/64_bit.asm:11: error: instruction not supported in 16-bit mode
asmcov/64_bit.asm:13: error: instruction not supported in 16-bit mode
asmcov/64_bit.asm:14: error: instruction not supported in 16-bit mode
直接汇编出错，加了-f选项就可以汇编出.o文件了，注意它和asm默认保存在同一个目录下，按照assembler_converter源码中README的步骤链接成功，执行结果正确。
# nasm-2.16.03/nasm -f elf64 asmcov/64_bit.asm
# nasm-2.16.03/nasm -f elf32 asmcov/32_bit.asm
# ld 64_bit.o -o 64_bit_run
ld: cannot find 64_bit.o: No such file or directory
# ld asmcov/64_bit.o -o 64_bit_run
# ./64_bit_run
Hello Cloud!
# gcc-12 -m32 asmcov/32_bit.o -o 32_bit_run
/usr/bin/ld: warning: asmcov/32_bit.o: missing .note.GNU-stack section implies executable stack
/usr/bin/ld: NOTE: This behaviour is deprecated and will be removed in a future version of the linker
/usr/bin/ld: asmcov/32_bit.o: warning: relocation in read-only section `.text'
/usr/bin/ld: warning: creating DT_TEXTREL in a PIE
# ./32_bit_run
Hello World
但是用他的翻译器翻译的结果，虽然通过了汇编，但链接警告，执行也卡住，看来是无法工作的。
# g++ asmcov/translator.cpp
# cd asmcov
/asmcov# ../a.out
new 64 bit file has been created
/asmcov# cd ..
# nasm-2.16.03/nasm -f elf64 asmcov/64_bit_conv.asm
# ld asmcov/64_bit_conv.o -o 64_bit_conv_run
ld: warning: cannot find entry symbol _start; defaulting to 0000000000401000
# ./64_bit_conv_run
^C