apline系统

alpine系统是什么

• Alpine Linux 是一个基于 musl libc 和 busybox 的面向安全的轻量级 Linux 发行版。

alpine系统的特点

• 小巧：基于Musl libc和busybox，和busybox一样小巧，最小的Docker镜像只有5MB；

• 安全：面向安全的轻量发行版；

• 简单：提供APK包管理工具，软件的搜索、安装、删除、升级都非常方便。

• 适合容器使用：由于小巧、功能完备，非常适合作为容器的基础镜像。

alpine基础命令

apk update 		//更新最新镜像源列表
 
apk search 		//查找所以可用软件包
 
apk search -v 		//查找所以可用软件包及其描述内容
 
apk search -v ‘acf*’ 		//通过软件包名称查找软件包
 
apk search -v -d ‘docker’ 		//通过描述文件查找特定的软件包
 
apk add openssh 		//安装一个软件
 
apk add openssh openntp vim 		//安装多个软件
 
apk add --no-cache mysql-client 		//不使用本地镜像源缓存，相当于先执行update，再执行add
 
apk info 				//列出所有已安装的软件包
 
apk info -a zlib 		//显示完整的软件包信息
 
apk info --who-owns /sbin/lbu 			//显示指定文件属于的包
 
apk upgrade 				//升级所有软件
 
apk upgrade openssh 		//升级指定软件
 
apk upgrade openssh openntp vim 		//升级多个软件
 
apk add --upgrade busybox 				//指定升级部分软件包
 
apk del openssh 			//删除一个软件

Dockerfile创建apache镜像

#下载好需要使用的包
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.0.tar.gz https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz

#创建好一个目录存放包和dockerfile
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir httpd
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd
[root@localhost httpd]# mkdir files
[root@localhost httpd]# touch Dockerfile
[root@localhost httpd]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# mv *.tar.gz httpd/files/

编写一个entrypoint.sh的脚本

[root@localhost httpd]# cd files/
[root@localhost files]# vim entrypoint.sh 
#!/bin/bash

sed -i '/^ServerName/s/#//g' /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd/conf

exec "$@"
[root@localhost files]# chmod +x entrypoint.sh

编写dockerfile

FROM alpine

LABEL MANTAINER "shenunwei 13872715916@163.com"

ENV apr_version=1.7.0 apr_util_version=1.6.1 httpd_version=2.4.54

ADD files/* /tmp/

RUN sed -i 's/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.aliyun.com/g' /etc/apk/repositories && \
    apk update && \
    adduser -SHs /sbin/nologin apache && \
    apk add --no-cache -U gcc libc-dev make expat-dev pcre-dev openssl-dev libtool && \
    cd /tmp/apr-${apr_version} && \
    sed -i '/$RM "$cfgfile"/d' configure && \
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr && \
    make && make install && \
    cd /tmp/apr-util-${apr_util_version} && \
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr && \
    make && make install && \
    cd /tmp/httpd-${httpd_version} && \
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
    --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 \
    --enable-so \
    --enable-ssl \
    --enable-cgi \
    --enable-rewrite \
    --with-zlib \
    --with-pcre \
    --with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
    --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \
    --enable-modules=most \
    --enable-mpms-shared=all \
    --with-mpm=prefork && \
    make && make install && \
    mv /tmp/entrypoint.sh / && \
    apk del gcc make && \
    rm -rf /tmp/* /var/cache/*

EXPOSE 80
WORKDIR /usr/local/apache
CMD ["/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd","-D","FOREGROUND"]
ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash","/entrypoint.sh"]

创建镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY        TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
albertdnp/httpd   v2.0      7d3685d73ee7   2 minutes ago   122MB
alpine            latest    c059bfaa849c   9 months ago    5.59MB

创建容器，链接外部存储，并测试

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /html/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /html/
[root@localhost html]# echo "Hello, its me" > index.html
[root@localhost html]# cat index.html 
Hello, its me
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -dit --name web -p 80:80 -v /html/://usr/local/apache/htdocs/:Z albertdnp/httpd:v2.0
35c18c3ed8f7fedd6d9ea116dc399181425d070a42a2f9ddc3f81892559af7f7
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                  COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                               NAMES
35c18c3ed8f7   albertdnp/httpd:v2.0   "/bin/bash /entrypoi…"   13 minutes ago   Up 13 minutes   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   web
[root@localhost ~]# curl 192.168.48.150:80
Hello, its me

上传镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker login
Login with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.
Username: albertdnp
Password: 
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store

Login Succeeded
[root@localhost ~]# docker push albertdnp/httpd:v2.0
The push refers to repository [docker.io/albertdnp/httpd]
c09019fe5e8f: Pushed 
4c4e5cd2fa66: Pushed 
8d3ac3489996: Mounted from library/alpine 
v2.0: digest: sha256:6dc71e66b3239e0bc57049e4a0dd3aeb795f665c66ee1ad412e98bc4ddc016b0 size: 952