教材《C++ Primer Plus (第六版） 中文版》 ，这里有教材中的示例源文件以及部分练习题代码。
目录
3.6 morechar.cpp 成员函数 cout.put()
一些技巧
1.重命名变量：选中变量，按住Ctrl的同时按两次R，即可重命名。
2.一个项目多个包含main的源文件：在不需要运行的源文件处，鼠标右击>>属性>>从生成中排除右边选择是。
3.按Tab即可选中输入框中的词。
22.8.10
第二章
2.1
#include<iostream> //编译指令 使用cin和cout进行输入和输出的程序必须包含头文件iostream
int main() /*function heading 函数头，作为接口：
返回一个值{int（整数值） 函数返回类型};
括号部分为形参列表：从调用函数传递给被调用函数的信息；*/
{
using namespace std; //using编译指令， 将类、函数和变量放置在名称空间std（使std::cout可简化成cout等，避免名称混淆）
cout << "come up and C++ me some time."; //cout输出流;<<将右侧信息插入到流中
cout << endl; // endl;换行 也可以写成"\n"
cout << "You won't regret it!" << endl;
return 0; //main()函数中可不写这句
}2022.8.19
2.2 carrot.cpp
//carrots.cpp--food processing program
//use and dispaly a variable
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
int carrots;
carrots = 25;
cout << "I have ";
cout << carrots << " carrots." << endl;
cout << "Crunch,crunch.Now I have " << carrots - 1 << " carrots."<< endl;
return 0;
}2.3 getinfo.cpp 输入和输出
//input and output
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
int carrots;
cout << "How many carrots do you have?" << endl;
cin >> carrots; //the next line concatenates output(连续输出,若输入c则赋值carrots为0
cout << "Here are two more.";
carrots = carrots + 2; //cout语句的输出紧跟在前一条cout语句的输出后面
cout << "Now you have " << carrots << " carrots." << endl;
/*cout << "Now you have "
<< carrots
<< " carrots."
<< endl;
*/
return 0;
}2.4 sqrt.cpp
#include<iostream>
#include<cmath> //提供sqrt（）的函数原型，原型只描述函数接口（发送给函数的信息和返回的信息）
int main()
{
using namespace std;
double area;
cout << "Enter the floor area, in square feet, of your home: ";
cin >> area;
double side;
side = sqrt(area);
cout << "That's the equivalent of a square " << side
<< " feet to the side." << endl;
cout << "How fascinating!" << endl;
return 0;
}2.5 ourfunc.cpp 自定义函数
#include<iostream>
void simon(int);
//可以将编译指令using namespace std;放在函数前面，使函数都能访问名称空间std。
int main()
{
using namespace std;
simon(3);
cout << "Pick an integer:";//integer(整数）
int count;
cin >> count;
simon(count);
cout << "Done!" << endl;
return 0;
}
void simon(int n)
{
using namespace std;
cout << "Simon says touch your toes " << n << " times." << endl;
}2.6 convert.cpp
#include<iostream>
int stonetrans(int);
int main()
{
using namespace std;
int stone; //选中变量，按住Ctrl+R 再按一次R；即可重命名该变量
cout << "Enter the wight in stone: ";
cin >> stone;
int pounds = stonetrans(stone); //直接定义并赋值
cout << stone << " stone = " << pounds << " pounds." << endl;
}
int stonetrans(int n)
{
return 14*n; //return 后面可以跟表达式
}2.7 编程练习
1、2
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
//cout << "NAME PLACE"<<endl; //第1题
/*cout << "请输入一个以long为单位的距离"; //第2题
int lon;
cin >> lon;
cout << lon << " long = " << lon * 220 << " 码 .";
*/
}3
void fir(int);
void sec(int);
using namespace std;
int main()
{
fir(1);
fir(1);
sec(2);
sec(2);
}
void fir(int n)
{
cout << "Three blind mice\n";
}
void sec(int n)
{
cout << "See how they run"<<endl;
}5.
#include<iostream>
double c2f(int);
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "Please enter a Celsius value: ";
int C;
cin >> C;
cout << C << " degrees Celsius is " << c2f(C) << " degrees Fahrenheit."<<endl;
}
double c2f(int n)
{
return n * 1.8 + 32;
}
7.
#include<iostream>
void Time(int,int); //函数可以有多个接受的参数
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "Enter the number of hours: ";
int H;
cin >> H;
cout << "Enter the number of hours: ";
int M;
cin >> M;
Time(H, M);
}
void Time(int h,int m)
{
cout << "Time : "<<h<<":" << m << endl;
}
22.8.20
第三章 处理数据
3-1简单变量
3.1 limits.cpp 头文件limites
#include<iostream>
#include<climits> //头文件climites定义了各种限制的符号名称。（eg：INT_MAX为int的最大值）
#define a 32 //类似于查找替换，climites文件中包含与该语句类似的语句行
int main()
{
using namespace std;
int n_int = INT_MAX;// or int n_int(INT_MAX) （另一种初始化语法
short n_short = SHRT_MAX;
long n_long = LONG_MAX;
long long n_llong = LLONG_MAX;
cout << "int is " << sizeof(int) << " bytes." << endl;
cout << "int is " << sizeof n_int << " bytes." << endl;
cout << "int is " << sizeof (n_int) << " bytes." << endl;
//两种表达方式结果相同，对变量名sizeof可不使用（）
cout << "short is " << sizeof(short) << " bytes." << endl;
cout << "long is " << sizeof(long) << " bytes." << endl;
cout << "long long is " << sizeof(long long) << " bytes." << endl;
cout << endl;
cout << "Maximum values: " << endl;
cout << "int: " << n_int << endl;
cout << "short: " << n_short << endl;
cout << "long: " << n_long << endl;
cout << "unsigned long: " << ULONG_MAX << endl;
cout << "long long: " << n_llong << endl<<"\n";
cout << "Minmum int value = " << INT_MIN << endl;
cout << "Bites per byte = " << CHAR_BIT << endl; //一个字节（byte）的位数
cout << "a = " << a << endl;
int n_int2(INT_MAX);
cout << "n_int2 = " << n_int2 << endl << endl;
//大括号的初始化方式,用于数组和结构
int c{ 3 };
int d = { 4 };
int e{};
cout << "c = " << c << endl;
cout << "d = " << d << endl;
cout << "e = " << e << endl;
return 0;
}2022.8.21
3.2 exceed.cpp 无符号类型超出限制的演示
#include<iostream>
#define ZERO 0
#include<climits>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
short sam = SHRT_MAX; /*short表示范围为-32768到+32768，则无符号的short表示范围为0到65535；
如果超越了限制，其值为范围另一端的取值 */
unsigned short sue = sam; //注意 unsigned 本身是 unsigned int 的缩写
cout << "Sam has " << sam << " dollars and Sue has " << sue;
cout << " dollars deposited." << endl
<< "Add $1 to each accout." << endl << "Now ";
sam = sam + 1;
sue = sue + 1;
cout << "Sam has " << sam << " dollars and Sue has " << sue;
cout << " dollars deposited.\nPoor Sam!" << endl;
sam = ZERO;
sue = ZERO;
cout << "Sam has " << sam << " dollars and Sue has " << sue;
cout << " dollars deposited." << endl
<< "Take $1 from each account." << endl << "Now ";
sam = sam - 1;
sue = sue - 1;
cout<<"Sam has " << sam << " dollars and Sue has " << sue;
cout << " dollars deposited."<<endl<<"Lucky Sue!";
}3.3 hexoct.cpp 不同进制数的表示
#include<iostream>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
int chest = 42; //第一位为 1-9，为10进制的数
int waist = 0x42; //前两位为 0x或0X 表示16进制的数
int inseam = 042; //第一位为 0，第二位为1-7，则为八进制的数
//这些数都将以二进制的数被储存在计算机中
cout << "Monsieur cuts a striking figure!\n";
cout << "chest = " << chest << " <42 in decimal> \n";
cout << "waist = " << waist << " <0x42 in hex> \n";
cout << "inseam = " << inseam << " <042 in octal> \n";
}3.4 hexoct2.cpp
#include<iostream>
using namespace std; // hex位于名称空间std中
int main()
{
int chest = 42;
int waist = 42;
int inseam = 42;
//dec、hex、oct，分别用于指示cout以十进制、十六进制和八进制格式显示整数
cout << "Monsieur cuts a striking figure!\n";
cout << "chest = " << chest << " < decimal for 42 > \n"; //cout的默认显示格式为十进制
cout << hex;
cout << "waist = " << waist << " < hexadecimal for 42 > \n";//修改格式之前，原来的格式一直有效
cout << oct;
cout << "inseam = " << inseam << " < octal for 42 > \n";
}3.5 chartype.cpp 关于char
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char ch;
cout << "Enter a character: " << endl;
cin >> ch;
cout << "Hola! ";
cout <<"Thank you for the " << ch << " character." << endl;
}2022.8.3
3.6 morechar.cpp 成员函数 cout.put()
成员函数 cout.put()：
类定义了如何表示和控制数据。成员函数归类所有，描述了操控类数据的方法。例如类ostream有一个put()成员函数，用来输出字符。只能通过类的特定对象（例如这里的cout对象）来使用成员函数。要通过对象（cout）使用成员函数，必须用句点将对象名和函数名称（put()）连接起来。句点被称为成员运算符。cout.put()指：通过类对象cout来使用函数put().
#include<iostream>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
char ch = 'M'; //'M'表示字符M的数值编码
int i = ch;
cout << "The ASCII code for " << ch << " is " << i << endl;
//值的类型将引导cout选择如何显示值，此时的ch显示的为M
cout << "Add one to the character code:" << endl;
ch = ch + 1;
i = ch;
cout << "The ASCII code for " << ch << " is " << i << endl;
cout << "Displaying char ch using cout.put(ch): ";
cout.put(ch);
cout.put('!');
cout << endl << "Done!" << endl;
char alarm = '\a'; //转义序列：\a表示振铃字符；\r表示回车
cout << alarm << "Don't do that again!\a\n";// or cout << "\a";
cout<<"Ben \"Buggsie\" Hacker\nwas here!\n";
}3.7 bondini.cpp 转义序列
应当向处理常规字符（如q）那样处理转义序列（如\n）：
cout << '\n';
cout << "\n";#include<iostream>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
cout << "\aOperation \"HyperHype\" is now activated!\n";
cout << "Enter your agent code:________\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b";
//8个退格字符\b是为了让光标退到8个字符前，即该句子中的：后
long code;
cin >> code;
cout << "\aYou entered " << code << "...\n";
cout << "\aCode verifide! Proceed with Plan Z3!\n";
}3-2 const限定符
使用const关键字来修改变量声明和初始化。
const int Months=12;常量（如Months）被初始化后，其值就被固定了，编译器将不允许再修改该常量的值。
注：const与#define相比的优点之一是可以明确指定类型。
宽字符类型wchar_t：
传统的字符数据类型为char,占用一个字节,存放的数据内容为ASCII编码,最多可以存放255种字符,
wchar_t为宽字符类型或双字符类型,它占用两个字节,因此能够存放更多的字符。
3-3 浮点数
3.8 floatnum.cpp
#include<iostream>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
cout.setf(ios_base::fixed, ios_base::floatfield);
float tub = 10.0 / 3.0;
double mint = 1.0 / 3.0;
const float million = 1.0e6;
cout << "tub = " << tub;
cout << ", a million tubs = " << million * tub;
cout << ",\nand ten million tubs = " << 10 * million * tub << endl;
cout << "mint = " << mint << " and a million mints = "
<< million * mint << endl;
}3.9 fltadd.cpp
#include<iostream>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
float a = 2.34e+22f;
float b = a + 1.0f;
/*float类型只能表示数字中的前6位或前7位，
因此修改第32位对这个值不会有任何影响*/
cout << "a = " << a << endl
<< "b-a = " << b - a << endl;
}2022.8.25
3.10 arith.cpp 运算符
#include<iostream>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
int u, d;
cout.setf(ios_base::fixed, ios_base::floatfield);
cout << "Enter a number: ";
cin >> u;
cout << "Enter another number: ";
cin >> d;
cout << "u = " << u << ", d = " << d << endl;
cout << "u + d = " << u + d << endl;
cout << "u - d = " << u - d << endl;
cout << "u * d = " << u * d << endl;
cout << "u / d = " << u / d << endl; //若两个操作数都是整数，则结果为商的整数部分
cout << "u % d = " << u % d << endl;
/*%运算符求模，它生成第一个数除以第二个数后的余数。两个操作数必须是整型，若其中一个操作数为负数，
则结果满足如下规则： （a/b）* b+a % b = a */
}3.11 divide.cpp /
#include<iostream>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
cout.setf(ios_base::fixed, ios_base::floatfield);
cout << "Integer division: 9/5 = " << 9 / 5 << endl;
cout << "Floating-point division: 9.0/5.0 = ";
cout << 9.0 / 5.0 << endl;
cout << "Mixed division: 9.0/5 = " << 9.0 / 5 << endl;
cout << "double constants: 1e7f/9.0f = " << 1e7 / 9.0 << endl; //浮点常量在默认情况下为double类型
cout << "float constants: 1e7f/9.0f = " << 1.e7f / 9.0f << endl;
}3.12 modulus.cpp %
#include<iostream> //将磅转换成英石，一英石等于14磅
int main()
{
using namespace std;
const int Lbs_per_stn = 14;
int lbs;
cout << "Enter your weight in pounds: ";
cin >> lbs;
int stone = lbs / Lbs_per_stn;
int pounds = lbs % Lbs_per_stn;
cout << lbs << " pounds are " << stone << " stone, " << pounds << " pound(s).\n";
cout << bool(2); //结果为1
}3.13 assign.cpp
#include<iostream> //初始化进行转换
int main()
{
using namespace std;
cout.setf(ios_base::fixed, ios_base::floatfield);
float tree(3);
int guess = 3.9832;
int debt = 7.2e12;
cout << "tree = " << tree << endl;
cout << "guess = " << guess << endl;
cout << "debt = " << debt << endl;
} 2022.9.6
3-7 编程练习
1.
#include<iostream> //英寸转英尺和英寸,1英尺=12英寸
int main()
{
using namespace std;
const int tr = 12;
int inch,feet;
cout << "Enter your hight in feets __\b\b";
cin >> feet;
inch = feet / tr;
int feets = feet % tr;
cout << feet << " feets is " << inch << " inches " << feets << " feets\n";
}2.
#include<iostream> //输入身高和体重，报告BMI
int main()
{
using namespace std;
const int itrf = 12;
const float itrm = 0.0254;
const float ptrkg = 2.2;
int inch,feet,pound;
cout << "Enter your hight in inches and feets: _\b";
cin >> inch >> feet;
cout << "Enter your weight in pounds: ___\b\b\b";
cin >> pound;
int i = inch * itrf + feet;
double m = i * itrm;
double kg = pound / ptrkg;
double BMI = kg / m / m;
cout <<"Your BMI is " << BMI << " . \n";
}3.
#include<iostream> //输入度分秒的纬度，以度为单位显示该纬度
int main()
{
using namespace std;
const double tr = 60;
int d,m,s;
cout << "Enter a latitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds:\n";
cout << "First, enter the degrees:";
cin >>d;
cout << "Next, enter the minutes of arc:";
cin >> m;
cout << "Finally, enter the seconds of arc:";
cin >> s;
double dd = d + m / tr + s / tr / tr;
cout << d << " degrees, " << m << " minutes, " << s << " seconds = " << dd << " degrees. \n";
}4.
#include<iostream> //输入秒数，以天、小时、分钟和秒的方式显示这段时间
int main()
{
using namespace std;
const int d2h = 24;
const int h2m = 60;
const int m2s = 60;
long long second;
cout << "Enter the number of seconds:\n";
cin >> second;
int d, h, m, s;
int a = d2h * h2m * m2s;
d = second / a;
h = second % a / h2m / m2s;
m = (second - d * a - h * h2m * m2s) / m2s;
s = (second - d * a - h * h2m * m2s) % m2s;
cout << second << " seconds = " << d << " days, " << h <<
" hours, " << m << " minutes, " << s << " seconds";
}5.
#include<iostream> //输入人数以显示人数占全球的百分比
int main()
{
using namespace std;
long long wp,up;
cout << "Enter the world's population: ";
cin >> wp;
cout << "Enter the population of the US: ";
cin >> up;
double pre = (double) up / wp*100;
cout << "The population of the US is "<<pre<<"% of the world population.\n";
}6.
#include<iostream> //计算每100公里的耗油量
int main()
{
using namespace std;
double km,L;
cout << "Enter the driving distance in kilometer: ";
cin >> km;
cout << "Enter fuel consumption in liters: ";
cin >> L;
double cons100=L/km*100;
cout << "The fuel consumption per 100 kms is "<< cons100<<" /100km";
}7.
#include<iostream> //输入欧洲风格油耗量（每100km消耗的汽油量（升）），将其转换为美国风格的耗油量——每加仑多少英里
int main()
{
using namespace std;
double eur,amer;
cout << "Enter European style fuel consumption: ";
cin >> eur;
amer = 62.14 /(eur/ 3.875);
cout << "The corresponding American style fuel consumption is "<<amer<<"mpg\n";
}