Ubuntu18.04实现Aarch64和arm32的交叉编译全步骤（含Qt5.12.10源码编译）
本文所使用的文件下载：
百度网盘：
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1mnpFepFY-rOlwWd3QbYZiw
提取码：5566
下载交叉编译链接工具
)
安装交叉编译器
解压
sudo tar -xvf gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar -C /opt/
sudo tar -xvf gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar -C /opt/解压完成后，配置环境变量
sudo vim ~/.bashrc添加编译器路径：路径为你解压后路径，我的路径为：/opt/
PATH=$PATH:/opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin
PATH=$PATH:/opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin
配置生效
source ~/.bashrc验证是否安装成功
aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -v
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -varm32如下为成功。
aarch64如下为成功
测试交叉编译器
写一个简单的c程序，交叉编译后放到开发板上去运行看看 能否运行成功
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
printf("Hello, you do it succeed!!!\n");
return 0;
}- 先使用arm32编译
编译完成后，看到文件是32位的。
移植到arm32板子上，可以运行成功。
- aarch64编译
编译完成后，看到文件是arm 64位的。
移植到aarch64的板子上，可以运行成功。
由此可见，两种交叉编译工具都安装成功，可以使用。
编译Qt源码
这里只是用aarch64编译器去编译qt源码
下载Qt源码
解压qt源码
sudo tar xvf qt-everywhere-src-5.12.10.tar.xz
cd qt-everywhere-src-5.12.10修改qmake配置文件
首先复制一份文件
sudo cp -a linux-aarch64-gnu-g++/ aarch64-linux-gnu-g++/修改配置文件目录，后面都改成你交叉编译器安装的路径。”/opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/“
# modifications to g++.conf
QMAKE_CC = /opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc
QMAKE_CXX = /opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
QMAKE_LINK = /opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
QMAKE_LINK_SHLIB = /opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
# modifications to linux.conf
QMAKE_AR = /opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-ar cqs
QMAKE_OBJCOPY = /opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-objcopy
QMAKE_NM = /opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc-nm -P
QMAKE_STRIP = /opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-strip
load(qt_config)
# modifications to g++.conf
QMAKE_CC = /opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc
QMAKE_CXX = /opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-g++
QMAKE_LINK = /opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-g++
QMAKE_LINK_SHLIB = /opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-g++
# modifications to linux.conf
QMAKE_AR = /opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-ar cqs
QMAKE_OBJCOPY = /opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-objcopy
QMAKE_NM = /opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-nm -P
QMAKE_STRIP = /opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-strip配置编译参数
Linux 下 qt5的安装及库编译（1）_hrx-@@-CSDN博客
qt5的configure选项说明（2）_hrx-@@-CSDN博客
- 建议是新建一个build目录，然后在该目录下配置configure，make之类的，这样子配置编译生成的临时文件会放在该目录下，而不会污染源码。
- 在build目录下创建一个build.sh的脚本，添加如下内容
../qt-everywhere-src-5.12.10/configure \
-verbose \
-opensource \
-release \
-shared \
-confirm-license \
-make libs \
-nomake tests \
-nomake examples \
-skip qtmacextras \
-skip qtandroidextras \
-no-opengl \
-xplatform aarch64-linux-gnu-g++ \
-prefix /opt/qt-5.12.10-linux-aarch64-gccverbose：打印配置过程中步骤信息
opensource：编译Qt的开源版本
release：编译Qt的release版本
shared：构建 Qt 共享库
confirm-license：自动确认许可
make libs：编译 lib 组件
nomake tests：不编译 tests组件
nomake examples：不编译 examples 组件
skip qtmacextras：跳过 qtmacextras 模块
skip qtandroidextras：跳过 qtandroidextras 模块
no-opengl: 我在虚拟机下编译opengl模块报错，未解决 所以选择不编译
xplatform： 选择交叉编译时的目标 mkspec
prefix ：指定 make install 的位置
./configure -release -opensource -confirm-license -xplatform aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -prefix /opt/aarch64—qt5 -nomake examples -nomake tools -nomake tests -no-opengl安装编译所依赖的库
- 安装基础的编译环境
sudo apt-get build-dep qt5-default
sudo apt-get install libxcb-xinerama0-dev
sudo apt-get install build-essential perl python gitLibxcb
sudo apt-get install '^libxcb.*-dev' libx11-xcb-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libxrender-dev libxi-dev libxkbcommon-dev libxkbcommon-x11-devOpenGL
sudo apt-get install build-essential sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dev sudo apt-get install libglu1-mesa-dev sudo apt-get install libegl1-mesa-dev sudo apt-get install freeglut3-devQt WebKit
sudo apt-get install flex bison gperf libicu-dev libxslt-dev rubyQt WebEngine
sudo apt-get install libssl-dev libxcursor-dev libxcomposite-dev libxdamage-dev libxrandr-dev libdbus-1-dev libfontconfig1-dev libcap-dev libxtst-dev libpulse-dev libudev-dev libpci-dev libnss3-dev libasound2-dev libxss-dev libegl1-mesa-dev gperf bisonQt Multimedia
sudo apt-get install libasound2-dev libgstreamer0.10-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-devQDoc Documentation Generator Tool
sudo apt install libclang-6.0-dev llvm-6.0
执行build脚本 构建选项：
Build options:
Mode ................................... release
Optimize release build for size ........ no
Building shared libraries .............. yes
Using C standard ....................... C11
Using C++ standard ..................... C++1z
Using ccache ........................... no
Using gold linker ...................... yes
Using new DTAGS ........................ yes
Using precompiled headers .............. yes
Using LTCG ............................. no
Target compiler supports:
SSE .................................. SSE2 SSE3 SSSE3 SSE4.1 SSE4.2
AVX .................................. AVX AVX2
AVX512 ............................... F ER CD PF DQ BW VL IFMA VBMI
Other x86 ............................ AES F16C RDRAND SHA
Intrinsics without -mXXX option ...... yes
Build parts ............................ libs
Qt modules and options:
Qt Concurrent .......................... yes
Qt D-Bus ............................... yes
Qt D-Bus directly linked to libdbus .... yes
Qt Gui ................................. yes
Qt Network ............................. yes
Qt Sql ................................. yes
Qt Testlib ............................. yes
Qt Widgets ............................. yes
Qt Xml ................................. yes
Support enabled for:
Using pkg-config ....................... yes
udev ................................... yes
Using system zlib ...................... yes
Qt Core:
DoubleConversion ....................... yes
Using system DoubleConversion ........ no
GLib ................................... yes
iconv .................................. no
ICU .................................... yes
Tracing backend ........................ <none>
Logging backends:
journald ............................. no
syslog ............................... no
slog2 ................................ no
Using system PCRE2 ..................... no
Qt Network:
getifaddrs() ........................... yes
IPv6 ifname ............................ yes
libproxy ............................... no
Linux AF_NETLINK ....................... yes
OpenSSL ................................ yes
Qt directly linked to OpenSSL ........ no
OpenSSL 1.1 ............................ yes
DTLS ................................... yes
SCTP ................................... no
Use system proxies ..................... yes
Qt Gui:
Accessibility .......................... yes
FreeType ............................... yes
Using system FreeType ................ yes
HarfBuzz ............................... yes
Using system HarfBuzz ................ yes
Fontconfig ............................. yes
Image formats:
GIF .................................. yes
ICO .................................. yes
JPEG ................................. yes
Using system libjpeg ............... no
PNG .................................. yes
Using system libpng ................ yes
EGL .................................... yes
OpenVG ................................. no
OpenGL:
Desktop OpenGL ....................... yes
OpenGL ES 2.0 ........................ no
OpenGL ES 3.0 ........................ no
OpenGL ES 3.1 ........................ no
OpenGL ES 3.2 ........................ no
Vulkan ................................. no
Session Management ..................... yes
Features used by QPA backends:
evdev .................................. yes
libinput ............................... no
INTEGRITY HID .......................... no
mtdev .................................. no
tslib .................................. no
xkbcommon .............................. yes
X11 specific:
XLib ................................. yes
XCB Xlib ............................. yes
EGL on X11 ........................... yes
QPA backends:
DirectFB ............................... no
EGLFS .................................. yes
EGLFS details:
EGLFS OpenWFD ........................ no
EGLFS i.Mx6 .......................... no
EGLFS i.Mx6 Wayland .................. no
EGLFS RCAR ........................... no
EGLFS EGLDevice ...................... yes
EGLFS GBM ............................ no
EGLFS VSP2 ........................... no
EGLFS Mali ........................... no
EGLFS Raspberry Pi ................... no
EGLFS X11 ............................ yes
LinuxFB ................................ yes
VNC .................................... yes
Mir client ............................. no
XCB:
Using system-provided XCB libraries .. yes
XCB XKB .............................. yes
XCB XInput ........................... yes
Native painting (experimental) ....... yes
GL integrations:
GLX Plugin ......................... yes
XCB GLX .......................... yes
EGL-X11 Plugin ..................... yes
Qt Sql:
SQL item models ........................ yes
Qt Widgets:
GTK+ ................................... no
Styles ................................. Fusion Windows
Qt PrintSupport:
CUPS ................................... no
Qt Sql Drivers:
DB2 (IBM) .............................. no
InterBase .............................. no
MySql .................................. no
OCI (Oracle) ........................... no
ODBC ................................... no
PostgreSQL ............................. no
SQLite2 ................................ no
SQLite ................................. yes
Using system provided SQLite ......... no
TDS (Sybase) ........................... no
Qt Testlib:
Tester for item models ................. yes
Qt SerialBus:
Socket CAN ............................. yes
Socket CAN FD .......................... yes
Further Image Formats:
JasPer ................................. no
MNG .................................... no
TIFF ................................... yes
Using system libtiff ................. no
WEBP ................................... yes
Using system libwebp ................. no
Qt QML:
QML network support .................... yes
QML debugging and profiling support .... yes
QML sequence object .................... yes
QML list model ......................... yes
QML XML http request ................... yes
QML Locale ............................. yes
QML delegate model ..................... yes
Qt Quick:
Direct3D 12 ............................ no
AnimatedImage item ..................... yes
Canvas item ............................ yes
Support for Qt Quick Designer .......... yes
Flipable item .......................... yes
GridView item .......................... yes
ListView item .......................... yes
TableView item ......................... yes
Path support ........................... yes
PathView item .......................... yes
Positioner items ....................... yes
Repeater item .......................... yes
ShaderEffect item ...................... yes
Sprite item ............................ yes
Qt Scxml:
ECMAScript data model for QtScxml ...... yes
Qt Gamepad:
SDL2 ................................... no
Qt 3D:
Assimp ................................. yes
System Assimp .......................... no
Output Qt3D Job traces ................. no
Output Qt3D GL traces .................. no
Use SSE2 instructions .................. yes
Use AVX2 instructions .................. no
Aspects:
Render aspect ........................ yes
Input aspect ......................... yes
Logic aspect ......................... yes
Animation aspect ..................... yes
Extras aspect ........................ yes
Qt 3D Renderers:
OpenGL Renderer ........................ yes
Qt 3D GeometryLoaders:
Autodesk FBX ........................... no
Qt Wayland Drivers:
EGL .................................... yes
Raspberry Pi ........................... no
XComposite EGL ......................... yes
XComposite GLX ......................... yes
DRM EGL ................................ yes
libhybris EGL .......................... no
Linux dma-buf server buffer integration . yes
Vulkan-based server buffer integration . no
Shm emulation server buffer integration . yes
Qt Wayland Client ........................ yes
Qt Wayland Compositor .................... yes
Qt Wayland Compositor Layer Plugins:
VSP2 hardware layer integration ........ no
Qt Bluetooth:
BlueZ .................................. no
BlueZ Low Energy ....................... no
Linux Crypto API ....................... no
WinRT Bluetooth API (desktop & UWP) .... no
Qt Sensors:
sensorfw ............................... no
Qt Quick Controls 2:
Styles ................................. Default Fusion Imagine Material Universal
Qt Quick Templates 2:
Hover support .......................... yes
Multi-touch support .................... yes
Qt Positioning:
Gypsy GPS Daemon ....................... no
WinRT Geolocation API .................. no
Qt Location:
Qt.labs.location experimental QML plugin . yes
Geoservice plugins:
OpenStreetMap ........................ yes
HERE ................................. yes
Esri ................................. yes
Mapbox ............................... yes
MapboxGL ............................. yes
Itemsoverlay ......................... yes
QtXmlPatterns:
XML schema support ..................... yes
Qt Multimedia:
ALSA ................................... yes
GStreamer 1.0 .......................... no
GStreamer 0.10 ......................... no
Video for Linux ........................ yes
OpenAL ................................. no
PulseAudio ............................. yes
Resource Policy (libresourceqt5) ....... no
Windows Audio Services ................. no
DirectShow ............................. no
Windows Media Foundation ............... no
Qt Tools:
QDoc ................................... yes
Qt WebEngine:
Embedded build ......................... no
Full debug information ................. no
Pepper Plugins ......................... yes
Printing and PDF ....................... yes
Proprietary Codecs ..................... no
Spellchecker ........................... yes
Native Spellchecker .................... no
WebRTC ................................. yes
Use System Ninja ....................... no
Geolocation ............................ yes
WebChannel support ..................... yes
Use v8 snapshot ........................ yes
Kerberos Authentication ................ no
Support qpa-xcb ........................ yes
Use ALSA ............................... yes
Use PulseAudio ......................... yes
Optional system libraries used:
re2 .................................. no
icu .................................. no
libwebp, libwebpmux and libwebpdemux . no
opus ................................. no
ffmpeg ............................... no
libvpx ............................... no
snappy ............................... no
glib ................................. yes
zlib ................................. yes
minizip .............................. no
libevent ............................. no
jsoncpp .............................. no
protobuf ............................. no
libxml2 and libxslt .................. yes
lcms2 ................................ no
png .................................. yes
JPEG ................................. no
harfbuzz ............................. yes
freetype ............................. yes
Required system libraries:
fontconfig ........................... yes
dbus ................................. yes
nss .................................. yes
khr .................................. yes
glibc ................................ yes
Required system libraries for qpa-xcb:
x11 .................................. yes
libdrm ............................... yes
xcomposite ........................... yes
xcursor .............................. yes
xi ................................... yes
xtst ................................. yes
Note: Also available for Linux: linux-clang linux-icc
Note: Disabling X11 Accessibility Bridge: D-Bus or AT-SPI is missing.
Qt is now configured for building. Just run 'make'.
Once everything is built, you must run 'make install'.
Qt will be installed into '/opt/qt-5.12.10-linux-aarch64'.
Prior to reconfiguration, make sure you remove any leftovers from
the previous build.
执行make
对源码进行编译，时间挺长的，大约三四个小时。
make -j8执行make install
sudo make install在编译完成后执行 make install 会将qt库安装到 -prefix 指定的目录下。
查看库的系统架构
可以库安装路径下面，readelf - h xxx.so 可以看到编译出来的库系统架构是Aarch64的。
配置qtcreator交叉编译环境
在ubuntu下搭建Qt Creator的arm交叉编译环境_bigmarshal的博客-CSDN博客
首先没有安装qtcreator，需要安装
sudo apt-get install qtcreator添加交叉编译工具链
编译器路径，选择你之前安装的路径，我的路径为：
c++
/opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-g++c
/opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc选择qmake版本，路径为你编译输出的路径。
添加Kit
创建个带界面的工程进行交叉编译测试
选择Aarch64编译
程序依赖库也是正常的。
可以看出编译生成的应用程序是ARM aarch64的。接下来打包后移植到rk3399中执行打开。
最后可以看出大功告成~~~
疑问？
- 假如用rk3399上所有qt的依赖库，再加上qmake和gcc编译工具，不知道是否可以跳过编译qt源码这个步骤，直接使用现有的依赖库？
- 能够直接可以使用别人交叉编译后的依赖库已经qmake等编译工具？
遇到的问题
编译opengl 模块报错
WARNING: QDoc will not be compiled, probably because libclang could not be located. This means that you cannot build the Qt documentation.
Either ensure that llvm-config is in your PATH environment variable, or set LLVM_INSTALL_DIR to the location of your llvm installation.
On Linux systems, you may be able to install libclang by installing the libclang-dev or libclang-devel package, depending on your distribution.
On macOS, you can use Homebrew's llvm package.
On Windows, you must set LLVM_INSTALL_DIR to the installation path.
WARNING: Python version 2 (2.7.5 or later) is required to build QtWebEngine.
WARNING: gperf is required to build QtWebEngine.
WARNING: bison is required to build QtWebEngine.
WARNING: flex is required to build QtWebEngine.
WARNING: host pkg-config not found
ERROR: The OpenGL functionality tests failed!
You might need to modify the include and library search paths by editing QMAKE_INCDIR_OPENGL[_ES2],
QMAKE_LIBDIR_OPENGL[_ES2] and QMAKE_LIBS_OPENGL[_ES2] in the mkspec for your platform.imx6 qt5编译出错“ QMAKE_INCDIR_OPENGL_ES2, QMAKE_LIBDIR_OPENGL_ES2" - i.MX - 恩智浦技术社区 (nxpic.org.cn)
QMAKE_INCDIR += /usr/include
QMAKE_LIBDIR += /usr/lib
ERROR: The OpenGL functionality tests failed!
You might need to modify the include and library search paths by editing QMAKE_INCDIR_OPENGL[_ES2],
QMAKE_LIBDIR_OPENGL[_ES2] and QMAKE_LIBS_OPENGL[_ES2] in the mkspec for your platform.
QMAKE_INCDIR_EGL = /usr/include
QMAKE_LIBDIR_EGL = /usr/lib
QMAKE_INCDIR_OPENGL_ES2 = /usr/include
QMAKE_LIBDIR_OPENGL_ES2 = /usr/lib
QMAKE_LIBS_EGL += -lEGL
QMAKE_LIBS_OPENGL_ES2 += -lGLESv2 -lEGL -lGAL
QMAKE_INCDIR += /usr/include
QMAKE_LIBDIR += /usr/libconfiguring Qt5.15 source on Ubuntu 20.04 opengl necessary for qt-quick - Stack Overflow
sudo ./configure -no-opengl -device linux-rasp-pi-g++ -device-option CROSS_COMPILE=/opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf- -opensource -confirm-license -optimized-qmake -reduce-exports -release -make libs -prefix /opt/qt5_amr32- ./configure -release -opengl es2 -device linux-rasp-pi-g++ -device-option CROSS_COMPILE=~/raspi/tools/arm-bcm2708/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian-x64/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf- -sysroot ~/raspi/sysroot -opensource -confirm-license -skip qtwayland -skip qtlocation -skip qtscript -make libs -prefix /usr/local/qt5pi -extprefix ~/raspi/qt5pi -hostprefix ~/raspi/qt5 -no-use-gold-linker -v -no-gbm
- $ ./configure -opengl es2 -device linux-rasp-pi3-g++ -device-option CROSS_COMPILE=/home/wind/opt/raspi/tools/arm-bcm2708/gcc-linaro-4.9-2015.02-3-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf- -sysroot /mnt -opensource -confirm-license -optimized-qmake -reduce-exports -release -make libs -prefix /usr/local/qt5
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