Retelling|Father Christmas

I'm going I'm going to talk about Christmas and the question of whether he exists or not, all children would answer to this question. They all believe in Father Christmas.  But 英 /ˈædʌlt，əˈdʌlt/a door she would answer no. They think for the Christmas, they believe for the Christmas is not there. The reason they gave英 /ɡeɪv/ us that it is impossible for one person to deliver presents to all children at one night. 

Ladies and Gentleman, I'm going to be talking to you about Father 英 /'fɑːðə/Christmas, and the question of whether he exists. Now of course, all children would answer yes to that question. They all believe in Father Christmas. However, many 英 /ˈædʌlt，əˈdʌlt/adults will probably say no, he's definitely not there. The main reason they give 英 /gɪv/is that it's not possible for one person to deliver presents to all the children in just one night.

女士们,先生们,今天我们来聊一聊圣诞老人以及是否存在圣诞老人。当然，如果你问孩子们，答案肯定是有的，孩子们相信圣诞老人。然而,许多成年人可能会说不,说圣诞老人根本不存在，其主要原因是一个圣诞老人不可能在一个晚上给所有的孩子送礼物。 

A polish professor despite his already an adult. He still believe in the Christmas and he （has）set out to prove it for us. The main argument he gives is that the imitation of for the Christmas is everywhere. They look in the same way, dress in the same way. So you could if show them, you cannot imitate something the that does not exist. That does not exist.

Now there's a Polish professor, who despite being an adult, does still believe in Father Christmas, and he has set out to prove it to us. The main argument he gives for the existence of Father Christmas is, that you see imitation of father Christmases everywhere. And all these imitation father Christmases dress in the same way and look the same. They have the same long white beard.英 /bɪəd/

现在有一位波兰教授,尽管他是成年人,但仍然相信有圣诞老人的存在,并打算向我们证明这一点。他为圣诞老人的存在提供的主要论点是,你可以在到处看到模仿的圣诞老人，他们都穿着同样的服饰。他们有同样长的白胡子。

and he says, first of all, that you can only imitate something that actually exists.If something does not exist, then you have nothing to imitate.

他说,首先,人们只能模仿真实存在的东西。如果有些东西不存在,那么你就没有什么可模仿的了。

 im·i·ta·tion / 7ImE5teFEn ; 7ImE5teIFEn /noun
1. C,Uwhen you copy someone else's actions模仿，仿效:
by imitation

•Many people think that children learn language by imitation.很多人认为儿童通过模仿学语言。

•The remake of 'Casablanca' was a pale imitation (=something that is much less good than the thing it imitates) of the original movie.重拍的《卡萨布兰卡》远不如原版。

2. Cwhen you copy the way someone speaks or behaves, especially in order to be funny（滑稽）模仿;SYNimpression

•She acted, she danced, she did imitations .她模仿着边演边跳。

[+ of ]

•his imitation of an American accent他对美国口音的模仿

3. Ca copy of something仿制品，赝品:
[+ of ]

•She wore an imitation of a sailor's hat.她戴着一顶仿制的水手帽子。

imitation fur / pearls / silk / leather etc ( = something that looks like an expensive material but is a copy of it )人造毛皮/珍珠/丝绸/皮革等

•an imitation fur coat人造毛皮大衣

Secondly, all for the Christmas look in the same way. They have the long white bed. So for the Christmas must have an original version that they all want to look like. Yeah, so it's like for the Christmas only give presents to put children. So first of all, the number of the number of the presence is limited. And secondly, I just wanna know that all good children would find their presence英 /ˈprezns/ waiting for them at the right day. So that conclusion of this polish professor is that of the Christmas does exist.

Secondly, our professor argues that it's a fact that all father Christmases look the same. And that means that there was obviously one original version that they all want to look like. Furthermore, according to out polish professor, Father Christmas does deliver presents 英 /ˈpreznt/to all the children in just one night.

他说,首先,人们只能模仿真实存在的东西。如果有些东西不存在,那么你就没有什么可模仿的了。其次,我们的教授认为,所有圣诞老人都是一样的。这意味着有一个原版的圣诞老人，大家都想和原版保持一致，此外,根据波兰教授的说法,圣诞老人确实在一个晚上向所有的孩子们提供礼物。

First of all, he argues that Father Christmas only delivers presents to 重读good children.That means that he has a more limited number to go and visit. Secondly, it's a well known fact that all good children find presents from Father Christmas, waiting for them on the right day.Therefore, according to our professor, the only possible conclusion is that Father Christmas does exist on the basis of the fact.

首先,他认为圣诞老人只送礼物给好孩子。这意味着他有一个更有限的数量去访问。其次,众所周知,所有好孩子都会在那一天获得圣诞老人的礼物。因此,根据我们的教授,唯一可能的结论是,圣诞老人确实存是一种事实。

At or in?

In the night usually refers to one particular night; at night refers to any night in general:

I was awake in the night, thinking about all the things that have happened.

‘It’s not safe to travel at night,’ the officer said.

English Prepositions: “In,” “On,” and “At” | Grammarly

At, on and in (time) - Grammar - Cambridge Dictionary

At or on?

We use at to talk about public holidays and weekends, but when we talk about a particular special day or weekend, we use on.

Compare

We never go away at the New Year because the traffic is awful.	On New Year’s Day, the whole family gets together.
I’ll go and see my mother at the weekend if the weather’s okay.	The folk festival is always held on the last weekend in July.

And the rumor of the contrary conclusion must has been spreading by nasty people because they are bad children, so they hasn't been sent presents by Father Christmas

And he goes on to say that rumors to the contrary, that is to say that Father Christmas does not exist, have probably been spread by nasty people who were bad children, and therefore hadn't been visited by Father Christmas. Thank you.

他接着说,谣言恰恰相反,也就是说圣诞老人不存在,可能是被讨厌的人传播的,他们是坏孩子,因此并没有被圣诞老人拜访。谢谢。

 1. BEHAVIOUR 行为, nasty behaviour or remarks are extremely unkind and unpleasant不友善的，不好的，恶毒的:

•a nasty temper坏脾气

•the nasty things that were being written about her正在写的关于她不好的事情

•There's a nasty streak in her character.她性格中有令人讨厌的一面。

•Drivers often have a nasty habit of driving too close to cyclists.驾驶员常有一个不好的习惯，就是车开得离骑自行车的人太近。

[+ to ]

•Don't be so nasty to your mum (=do not treat her unkindly).别对你妈妈这么凶。

▪ get / turn nasty especially BrE(=suddenly start behaving in a threatening way)突然凶起来

•When Harry refused, Don turned nasty and went for him with both fists.哈里拒绝后，唐翻了脸，挥动双拳向哈里扑去。

2. PERSON 人, someone who is nasty behaves in an unkind and unpleasant way不友好的，恶意的，令人不愉快的:

•I went to school with him – he was nasty then and he's nasty now.我和他一起上过学 — 他那时很讨厌，现在还是很讨厌。

•You're a nasty little brute!你这个讨厌的小家伙！

 con·tra·ry / 5kBntrZrI ; 5kRntrEri /noun
1. on the contrary / quite the contrary used to add to a negative statement, to disagree with a negative statement by someone else, or to answer no to a question正相反/恰恰相反:

•It wasn't a good thing; on the contrary it was a huge mistake.那不是件好事，恰恰相反，是个巨大的错误。

•'I suppose your wife doesn't understand you.' 'On the contrary, she understands me very well.'“我估计你妻子不会理解你的。”“正好相反，她十分理解我。”

•'Are they happy?' 'No, no, quite the contrary.'“他们幸福吗？”“不，不，正好相反。”

2. evidence / statements etc to the contrary something showing or saying the opposite相反的证据/陈述等:

•Unless there is evidence to the contrary, we ought to believe them.除非有相反的证据，否则我们就应该相信他们。

•He continued to drink despite advice to the contrary.他不听戒酒建议，继续喝酒。

Present perfect continuous: uses

Recent past activities

We use the present perfect continuous to talk about a finished activity in the recent past. Using the present perfect continuous focuses on the activity.

We don’t give a specific time. Even though the activity is finished, we can see the result in the present:

I’ve just been cleaning the car. (The car is wet and clean.)

It’s been snowing. (The ground is covered in snow.)

What have you been buying?

One continuing event

We use the present perfect continuous for a single activity that began at a point in the past and is still continuing:

I’ve been reading your book – it’s great. (I’m still reading it.)

He’s been living in the village since 1995. (He is still living in the village.)

She has been writing her autobiography since 1987.

Repeated continuing events

We use the present perfect continuous to talk about repeated activities which started at a particular time in the past and are still continuing up until now:

I’ve been going to Spain on holiday every year since 1987.

I haven’t been eating much lunch lately. I’ve been going to the gym at lunchtimes.

She’s been playing tennis on and off for three years.

Usually, you need Present Perfect Continuous for expressing the sense of an action, continuing up the present moment. However, in passive voice ('have been being done') its usage is avoided. Different authors warn about it, despite technically it's not ungrammatical.

All kinds of investigation have been being done here for the last 25 years.

BBC calls it clumsy:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/learnit/learnitv119.shtml

A more tolerant warning ('Present Perfect Continuous is less commonly used in its passive form.') can be found here:

Present Perfect Continuous Tense | ENGLISH PAGE

(It accompanies an example: Recently, the work has been being done by John.)

So how to improve the style from 'have been being done'? You can't just replace Present Perfect Continuous with Present Perfect, which is for a completed action,

All kinds of investigations have been done here for the last 25 years.

since that would change the sense dramatically: 'investigations were completed 25 years ago'. Here are possible options:

1. Switching to active voice:

We have been doing all types of research/investigation here for the last 25 years.

1. Using Present Perfect with 'uncontinuous' verb to be ('done' is replaced with a noun):

All types of research/investigation have been a part of our work here for the last 25 years.

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