es6的一些方法

1. 箭头函数 (Arrow Functions)

javascript// ES5 函数
var sum = function(a, b) {
return a + b;
};

// ES6 箭头函数
const sum = (a, b) => a + b;

console.log(sum(1, 2)); // 输出 3

1. 模板字符串 (Template Literals)

javascript// ES5 字符串拼接
var name = "Alice";
var greeting = "Hello, " + name + "!";

// ES6 模板字符串
let name = "Alice";
let greeting = `Hello, ${name}!`;

console.log(greeting); // 输出 "Hello, Alice!"

1. 解构赋值 (Destructuring Assignment)

javascript// ES5 对象解构
var person = {
firstName: "John",
lastName: "Doe"
};
var firstName = person.firstName;
var lastName = person.lastName;

// ES6 对象解构
const person = {
firstName: "John",
lastName: "Doe"
};
const { firstName, lastName } = person;

console.log(firstName); // 输出 "John"
console.log(lastName); // 输出 "Doe"

// ES5 数组解构
var arr = [1, 2, 3];
var first = arr[0];
var second = arr[1];

// ES6 数组解构
const arr = [1, 2, 3];
const [first, second] = arr;

console.log(first); // 输出 1
console.log(second); // 输出 2

1. Promise

javascript// 创建一个 Promise
const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => resolve("Success!"), 1000);
});

// 使用 .then() 处理成功的结果
promise.then(result => {
console.log(result); // 输出 "Success!"
});

// 使用 .catch() 处理失败的结果
promise.catch(error => {
console.log(error);
});

1. 类 (Classes)

javascript// ES5 模拟类
function Car(make, model, year) {
this.make = make;
this.model = model;
this.year = year;
}

Car.prototype.start = function() {
console.log(`${this.make} ${this.model} (${this.year}) is starting.`);
};

const car = new Car("Toyota", "Camry", 2020);
car.start(); // 输出 "Toyota Camry (2020) is starting."

// ES6 类
class Car {
constructor(make, model, year) {
this.make = make;
this.model = model;
this.year = year;
}

start() {
console.log(`${this.make} ${this.model} (${this.year}) is starting.`);
}
}

const car = new Car("Toyota", "Camry", 2020);
car.start(); // 输出 "Toyota Camry (2020) is starting."

这些只是ES6中引入的一些特性的简单示例。ES6还有更多其他的特性和改进，例如模块化（Modules）、默认参数、剩余参数、展开操作符等。