webpack 打包配置

主要实现功能

• 处理html、css、js、vue、jsx、图片等文件
• 压缩处理好的文件
• 分割压缩好的文件
• 路由懒加载
• 开启缓存和热更新
• 开启多线程打包
• …

新建【webpack.config.js】

• 新建【webpack.dev.js】开发打包配置
• 新建【webpack.prod.js】生产打包配置
• 新建【webpack.config.js】，合并开发和生产配置，并根据打包命令的指定环境变量的值，判断使用何种配置

目录结构

const xxx = require("xxx")

module.exports ={
  entry:"",
  output:{},
  module:{},
  plugins:[],
  optimization:{},
  resolve:{},
  devServer{},
  mode:,
  devtool:,
  performance:,
  ...
}

详细解析

//引入相关依赖、npm下载的插件、库
const xxx = require("xxx")

//接收【package.json】中【script】所运行的脚本命令指定的环境变量
const isP = process.env.NODE_ENV === "production";

//提取下面相同配置，进行复用，减少代码体积【如css、less、scss】
//【.filter(Boolean)】过滤没有参数时，产生的undefined
const xxx = (xxx) =>{  return[xxx].filter(Boolean);  }

module.exports ={
  //打包入口文件
  entry:"./src/main.js",
  //指定输出的文件
  output:{
    //输出的目录
    path：'',
    //输出的文件名，携带路径
    filename:'',
    //输出的chunk文件名，携带路径
    chunkFilename:'',
    //输出的图片等资源文件名，携带路径
    assetModuleFilename:''
  },
  module:{
   //处理html、css、js、jsx、vue、图片等的规则 
    rules:[ {  }, { }， ...  ]
  },
  plugins:[],		//插件的使用
  optimization:{},	//压缩、代码分割
  resolve:{},		//webpack解析模块加载选项
  devServer{},		//开发模式自动化配置
  mode:,			//开发环境变量
  devtool:,			//生成代码映射模式，辅助开发
  performance:,		//性能分析
  ...
}

const path = require("path");
const ESLintWebpackPlugin = require("eslint-webpack-plugin");
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin");
const MiniCssExtractPlugin = require("mini-css-extract-plugin");
const CssMinimizerPlugin = require("css-minimizer-webpack-plugin");
const TerserWebpackPlugin = require("terser-webpack-plugin");
const ImageMinimizerPlugin = require("image-minimizer-webpack-plugin");
const { VueLoaderPlugin } = require("vue-loader");
const { DefinePlugin } = require("webpack");
const CopyPlugin = require("copy-webpack-plugin");

// 需要通过 cross-env 定义环境变量
const isProduction = process.env.NODE_ENV === "production";

const getStyleLoaders = (preProcessor) => {
  return [
    isProduction ? MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader : "vue-style-loader",
    "css-loader",
    {
      loader: "postcss-loader",
      options: {
        postcssOptions: {
          plugins: ["postcss-preset-env"],
        },
      },
    },
    preProcessor,
  ].filter(Boolean);
};

module.exports = {
  entry: "./src/main.js",
  output: {
    path: isProduction ? path.resolve(__dirname, "../dist") : undefined,
    filename: isProduction
      ? "static/js/[name].[contenthash:10].js"
      : "static/js/[name].js",
    chunkFilename: isProduction
      ? "static/js/[name].[contenthash:10].chunk.js"
      : "static/js/[name].chunk.js",
    assetModuleFilename: "static/js/[hash:10][ext][query]",
    clean: true,
  },
  module: {
    rules: [
      {
        // 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件
        test: /\.css$/,
        // use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左
        use: getStyleLoaders(),
      },
      {
        test: /\.less$/,
        use: getStyleLoaders("less-loader"),
      },
      {
        test: /\.s[ac]ss$/,
        use: getStyleLoaders("sass-loader"),
      },
      {
        test: /\.styl$/,
        use: getStyleLoaders("stylus-loader"),
      },
      {
        test: /\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)$/,
        type: "asset",
        parser: {
          dataUrlCondition: {
            maxSize: 10 * 1024, // 小于10kb的图片会被base64处理
          },
        },
      },
      {
        test: /\.(ttf|woff2?)$/,
        type: "asset/resource",
      },
      {
        test: /\.(jsx|js)$/,
        include: path.resolve(__dirname, "../src"),
        loader: "babel-loader",
        options: {
          cacheDirectory: true,
          cacheCompression: false,
          plugins: [
            // "@babel/plugin-transform-runtime" // presets中包含了
          ],
        },
      },
      // vue-loader不支持oneOf
      {
        test: /\.vue$/,
        loader: "vue-loader", // 内部会给vue文件注入HMR功能代码
        options: {
          // 开启缓存
          cacheDirectory: path.resolve(
            __dirname,
            "node_modules/.cache/vue-loader"
          ),
        },
      },
    ],
  },
  plugins: [
    new ESLintWebpackPlugin({
      context: path.resolve(__dirname, "../src"),
      exclude: "node_modules",
      cache: true,
      cacheLocation: path.resolve(
        __dirname,
        "../node_modules/.cache/.eslintcache"
      ),
    }),
    new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
      template: path.resolve(__dirname, "../public/index.html"),
    }),
    new CopyPlugin({
      patterns: [
        {
          from: path.resolve(__dirname, "../public"),
          to: path.resolve(__dirname, "../dist"),
          toType: "dir",
          noErrorOnMissing: true,
          globOptions: {
            ignore: ["**/index.html"],
          },
          info: {
            minimized: true,
          },
        },
      ],
    }),
    isProduction &&
      new MiniCssExtractPlugin({
        filename: "static/css/[name].[contenthash:10].css",
        chunkFilename: "static/css/[name].[contenthash:10].chunk.css",
      }),
    new VueLoaderPlugin(),
    new DefinePlugin({
      __VUE_OPTIONS_API__: "true",
      __VUE_PROD_DEVTOOLS__: "false",
    }),
  ].filter(Boolean),
  optimization: {
    minimize: isProduction,
    // 压缩的操作
    minimizer: [
      new CssMinimizerPlugin(),
      new TerserWebpackPlugin(),
      new ImageMinimizerPlugin({
        minimizer: {
          implementation: ImageMinimizerPlugin.imageminGenerate,
          options: {
            plugins: [
              ["gifsicle", { interlaced: true }],
              ["jpegtran", { progressive: true }],
              ["optipng", { optimizationLevel: 5 }],
              [
                "svgo",
                {
                  plugins: [
                    "preset-default",
                    "prefixIds",
                    {
                      name: "sortAttrs",
                      params: {
                        xmlnsOrder: "alphabetical",
                      },
                    },
                  ],
                },
              ],
            ],
          },
        },
      }),
    ],
    splitChunks: {
      chunks: "all",
    },
    runtimeChunk: {
      name: (entrypoint) => `runtime~${entrypoint.name}`,
    },
  },
  resolve: {
    extensions: [".vue", ".js", ".json"],
  },
  devServer: {
    open: true,
    host: "localhost",
    port: 3000,
    hot: true,
    compress: true,
    historyApiFallback: true, // 解决vue-router刷新404问题
  },
  mode: isProduction ? "production" : "development",
  devtool: isProduction ? "source-map" : "cheap-module-source-map",
};

• 如项目较大，可开启多进程打包，开启多进程耗费时间，项目小不考虑

• Preload / Prefetch懒加载技术，兼容性不好，需考虑浏览器和用户群体

• PWA：项目离线还可以通过缓存使用，存在兼容性问题

安装依赖

• 写入【package.json】即可npm i一键安装，但是会存在版本问题
• 需要查看【webpack.config.js】具体使用的，单独安装【推荐】

@babel/core
@babel/eslint-parser
@vue/cli-plugin-babel
babel-loader
copy-webpack-plugin
cross-env
css-loader
css-minimizer-webpack-plugin
eslint-plugin-vue
eslint-webpack-plugin
html-webpack-plugin
image-minimizer-webpack-plugin
imagemin
imagemin-gifsicle
imagemin-jpegtran
imagemin-optipng
imagemin-svgo
less-loader
mini-css-extract-plugin
postcss-preset-env
sass-loader
stylus-loader
vue-loader
vue-style-loader
vue-template-compiler
webpack
webpack-cli
webpack-dev-server

修改【package.json】

​ 配置【scripts】脚本命令和【browserslist】浏览器适应规则

{

  "scripts": {
  
    "start": "npm run dev",
    
    "dev": "cross-env NODE_ENV=development webpack serve --config ./config/webpack.config.js",
    
    "build": "cross-env NODE_ENV=production webpack --config ./config/webpack.config.js"
    
  },
  
  "browserslist": ["last 2 version", "> 1%", "not dead"]
  
}

新建【.eslinter.js】

使用Vue官方和Eslint官方推荐的配置即可，可根据团队需求调整

module.exports = {
  root: true,
  env: {  node: true,  },
  extends: [
    "plugin:vue/vue3-essential","eslint:recommended"
  ],
  parserOptions: {  parser: "@babel/eslint-parser" },
};

新建【babel.config.js】

使用vue预设，即可

module.exports = {
  presets: ["@vue/cli-plugin-babel/preset"],
};

总结

生产打包完，首次运行非首页，会出现404，原因是没有用上webpack-devServer的配置，后期项目上线部署，如通过nginx上线部署，可通过nginx配置解决

参考视频地址：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV14T4y1z7sw