一，查看容器（假设你有一个名为 `my_app_container` 的容器）。
1. 查看所有容器（包括已停止的）
docker ps -a
输出示例：
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
123456789abc my_app_image "npm start" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 3000/tcp my_app_container
def4567890ab another_image "python app.py" 3 days ago Exited (0) 3 days ago another_container
2. 获取容器的详细信息
docker inspect my_app_container
输出示例（部分）：
[
{
"Id": "123456789abc",
"Created": "2023-10-10T12:34:56.789Z",
"Path": "npm",
"Args": ["start"],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 1234,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2023-10-10T12:35:00.123Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/123456789abc/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/123456789abc/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/123456789abc/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/123456789abc/123456789abc-.log",
"Name": "/my_app_container",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"Platform": "linux",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": null,
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "default",
"PortBindings": {
"3000/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "",
"HostPort": "3000"
}
]
},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"CgroupnsMode": "private",
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "private",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "runc",
"ConsoleSize": [
0,
0
],
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": [],
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DeviceCgroupRules": null,
"DeviceRequests": null,
"KernelMemory": 0,
"KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": null,
"OomKillDisable": false,
"PidsLimit": null,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
"MaskedPaths": [
"/proc/asound",
"/proc/acpi",
"/proc/kcore",
"/proc/keys",
"/proc/latency_stats",
"/proc/timer_list",
"/proc/timer_stats",
"/proc/sched_debug",
"/proc/scsi",
"/sys/firmware"
],
"ReadonlyPaths": [
"/proc/bus",
"/proc/fs",
"/proc/irq",
"/proc/sys",
"/proc/sysrq-trigger"
]
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/abcdef1234567890/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ghijklmnopqrstuv/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/123456789abc/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/123456789abc/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/123456789abc/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"Mounts": [],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "123456789abc",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"ExposedPorts": {
"3000/tcp": {}
},
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
"NODE_ENV=production"
],
"Cmd": [
"npm",
"start"
],
"Image": "my_app_image",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "/app",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {}
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "123456789abc",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {
"3000/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
"HostPort": "3000"
}
]
},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/123456789abc",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "123456789abc",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "123456789abc",
"EndpointID": "123456789abc",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"DriverOpts": null
}
}
}
}
]
3. 获取容器的IP地址
docker inspect -f '{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}' my_app_container
输出示例：
172.17.0.2
4. 查看容器的日志输出
docker logs --tail 100 -f my_app_container
输出示例：
> my_app@1.0.0 start
> node app.js
Server running on port 3000
5. 查看容器内的所有进程
docker top my_app_container
输出示例：
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 1234 0 0 12:35 ? 00:00:00 npm start
node 1235 1234 0 12:35 ? 00:00:01 node app.js
6. 实时显示容器的资源使用统计信息
docker stats my_app_container
输出示例：
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
123456789abc my_app_container 0.10% 10.5MiB / 1.952GiB 0.52% 1.2kB / 0B 0B / 0B 2
7. 列出容器的端口映射
docker port my_app_container
输出示例：
3000/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:3000
8. 在容器中执行命令（进入容器的 Bash 终端）
docker exec -it my_app_container /bin/bash
输出示例（进入容器后的终端）：
root@123456789abc:/app# ls
app.js package. node_modules
9. 在容器中后台执行命令（创建一个测试文件）
docker exec -d my_app_container touch /tmp/testfile
验证：
docker exec -it my_app_container ls /tmp
输出示例：
testfile
10. 实时显示 Docker 守护进程产生的事件（仅显示容器启动事件）
docker events --filter 'event=start'
输出示例：
2023-10-10T12:35:00.123456Z container start 123456789abc (image=my_app_image, name=my_app_container)
11. 定期检查容器资源使用情况
watch -n 5 'docker stats --no-stream
输出示例（每5秒更新一次）：
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
123456789abc my_app_container 0.10% 10.5MiB / 1.952GiB 0.52% 1.2kB / 0B 0B / 0B 2
12. 结合 `jq` 处理 `docker inspect` 输出
docker inspect my_app_container | jq '.[0].NetworkSettings.IPAddress'
输出示例：
"172.17.0.2"
13. 查看容器的前100条日志，并显示时间戳
docker logs --tail 100 -t my_app_continer
输出示例：
2023-10-10T12:35:00.123456Z my_app_container Server running on port 3000
14. 查看从某个时间点之后的容器日志
docker logs --since "2023-10-10" my_app_container
输出示例：
Server running on port 3000
15. 查看容器的资源使用情况，不持续更新
docker stats --no-stream my_app_container
输出示例：
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
123456789abc my_app_container 0.10% 10.5MiB / 1.952GiB 0.52% 1.2kB / 0B 0B / 0B 2
16. 过滤显示特定类型的事件（例如容器启动事件）
docker events --filter 'event=start'
输出示例：
2023-10-10T12:35:00.123456Z container start 123456789abc (image=my_app_image, name=my_app_container)
17. 查看容器的详细信息，格式化输出
docker inspect -f '{{ .Name }} {{ .State.Status }}' my_app_container
输出示例：
/my_app_container running
18. 查看容器的磁盘使用情况
docker inspect -s my_app_container
输出示例：
false
19. 在容器中以特定用户身份执行命令
docker exec -u root -it my_app_container /bin/bash
输出示例（进入容器后的终端）：
root@123456789abc:/app# whoami
root
20. 查看容器的环境变量
docker inspect -f '{{ .Config.Env }}' my_app_container
输出示例：
[PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin NODE_ENV=production]
21. 查看容器的挂载点
docker inspect -f '{{ .Mounts }}' my_app_container
输出示例：
[]
22. 查看容器的网络配置
docker inspect -f '{{ .NetworkSettings }}' my_app_container
输出示例（部分）：
{
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "123456789abc",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {
"3000/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
"HostPort": "3000"
}
]
},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/123456789abc",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "123456789abc",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "123456789abc",
"EndpointID": "123456789abc",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"DriverOpts": null
}
}
}
23. 查看容器的镜像信息
docker inspect -f '{{ .Image }}' my_app_container
输出示例：
sha256:abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef
24. 查看容器的创建时间
docker inspect -f '{{ .Created }}' my_app_container
输出示例：
2023-10-10T12:34:56.789Z
25. 查看容器的重启策略
docker inspect -f '{{ .HostConfig.RestartPolicy }}' my_app_container
输出示例：
{Name:no MaximumRetryCount:0}
二.删除容器
示例：
删除所有容器
docker ps -aq |xargs docker rm -f 或者 docker rm -f `docker ps -aq`
删除停止状态容器
docker rm `docker ps -qf status=exited`
三.容器启动和停止 暂停恢复
批量启动所有容器
docker start `ps -aq`
批量停止所有容器
docker stop `ps -aq`
批量暂停所有容器
docker pause `ps -aq`
批量恢复所有容器
docker unpaus`ps -aq`