Django学习笔记-EW帮帮网

Django学习笔记

安装django

pip install django

创建APP

用django来写后端的时候，要把各个功能分散到各个创建好的APP去实现

在终端输入

python manage.py startapp app01(APP名称)

APP内部文件

admin.py django默认提供了admin后台管理

apps.py app启动类

models.py 对数据库进行操作

tests.py 单元测试

views.py 函数

模板和静态文件

模板

app下面创建templates来放模板

如果setting.py没有

'DIRS': [BASE_DIR / 'templates']

静态文件会根据app的注册顺序从各个app的templates目录中去找

如果有

会先从项目根目录下面找templates目录，根目录没有就根据app的注册顺序从各个app的templates目录中去找

静态文件

包括image，js，css，plugins

在app下创建static文件夹来存放静态文件

django特有语法

可以在html中

{% load static %}

引入static文件

html的路径引用可以是

<img src="{% static 'img/1.png' %}">

模板语法

def tpl(request):
	name="Lee"
	return render(request,'tpl.html',{"n1":name})

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>用户列表</h1>
    <div>{{ n1 }}</div>
</body>
</html>

pymysql

mysql> create database unicom DEFAULT CHARSET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

插入数据

create table admin(
	id int not null auto_increment primary key,
	username varchar(16) not null,
	password varchar(64) not null,
	mobile char(11) not null
)default charset=utf8;

import pymysql
conn=pymysql.connect(host="127.0.0.1",port=3306,user="root",charset="utf8",db='unicom')
cursor=conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
cursor.execute("insert into admin(username,password,mobile) values('yeke','2131','32423')")
conn.commit()
cursor.close()
conn.close()

使用占位符和元组

import pymysql
from pymysql import cursors
conn = pymysql.connect(host="127.0.0.1", port=3306, user="root", charset="utf8", db='unicom')
cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
sql="insert into admin(username,password,mobile) values(%s,%s,%s)"
cursor.execute(sql,['yeke','1231','21321'])
conn.commit()
cursor.close()
conn.close()

起名

import pymysql
from pymysql import cursors
conn = pymysql.connect(host="127.0.0.1", port=3306, user="root", charset="utf8", db='unicom')
cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
sql="insert into admin(username,password,mobile) values(%(n1)s,%(n2)s,%(n3)s)"
cursor.execute(sql,{"n1":'yeke',"n2":'1231',"n3":'21321'})
conn.commit()
cursor.close()
conn.close()

加输入

import pymysql
from pymysql import cursors
while True:
    user=input("用户名：")
    passwd=input("密码：")
    mobile=input("手机号：")
    conn = pymysql.connect(host="127.0.0.1", port=3306, user="root", charset="utf8", db='unicom')
    cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
    sql="insert into admin(username,password,mobile) values(%s,%s,%s)"
    cursor.execute(sql,[user,passwd,mobile])
    conn.commit()
    cursor.close()
    conn.close()

查询数据

import pymysql
from pymysql import cursors
## 创建APP
conn = pymysql.connect(host="127.0.0.1", port=3306, user="root", charset="utf8", db='unicom')
cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
sql="select * from admin"
cursor.execute(sql)
datalist=cursor.fetchall()
print(datalist)
conn.commit()
cursor.close()
conn.close()

ORM框架

是建立在pymsql，mysqlclient上面的

不需要写sql语句就可以操作数据库

配置mysql

安装mysqlclient

pip install mysqlclient

连接mysql要修改setting.py中数据库的配置

DATABASES = {
    "default": {
        "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.mysql",
        "NAME": "django",
        "USER": "root",
        "PASSWORD": "root",
        "HOST": "127.0.0.1",
        "PORT": 3306,

    }
}

确保配置正确，就可以了

在APP下的models.py中可以创建类

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class UserInfo(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    password=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    age=models.IntegerField()

manage.py

python mange.py makemigrations

python manage.py migrate

在这里插入图片描述

Django学习笔记