一、卸载 OpenCV 4.5.4
清除已安装的 OpenCV 库
sudo apt-get purge libopencv* python3-opencv # 卸载所有APT安装的OpenCV包:ml-citation{ref="1,3" data="citationList"}
sudo apt autoremove # 清理残留依赖:ml-citation{ref="1,4" data="citationList"}
手动清理残留文件
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/opencv* # 删除头文件
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/lib/libopencv* # 删除库文件
二、安装 OpenCV 4.2.0
安装依赖项
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y build-essential cmake git pkg-config libgtk2.0-dev \\
libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libtbb2 libtbb-dev \\
libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libdc1394-22-dev # 基础依赖:ml-citation{ref="2,4" data="citationList"}
下载源码
wget https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/4.2.0.zip -O opencv-4.2.0.zip
wget https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/4.2.0.zip -O opencv_contrib-4.2.0.zip
unzip opencv-4.2.0.zip && unzip opencv_contrib-4.2.0.zip # 解压源码:ml-citation{ref="2,4" data="citationList"}
配置 CMake
cd opencv-4.2.0 && mkdir build && cd build
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \\
-D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \\
-D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../../opencv_contrib-4.2.0/modules \\
-D WITH_CUDA=ON \\
-D CUDA_ARCH_BIN=5.3 # Jetson Xavier NX 需设为7.2:ml-citation{ref="4,6" data="citationList"} \\
-D ENABLE_NEON=ON \\
-D BUILD_TESTS=OFF .. # 禁用测试以加速编译:ml-citation{ref="2,4" data="citationList"}
编译与安装
make -j8 # 启用多线程编译
sudo make install # 安装到系统目录:ml-citation{ref="4,6" data="citationList"}
三、验证安装
检查版本
pkg-config --modversion opencv # 应输出4.2.0:ml-citation{ref="2,4" data="citationList"}
Python 绑定验证
python3 -c "import cv2; print(cv2.__version__)" # 确认Python环境版本:ml-citation{ref="2,6" data="citationList"}