一、环境准备
关闭防火墙、selinux、交换分区（swap） 下载阿里云源
1、配置hosts文件
vim /etc/hosts [root@master1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts 192.168.200.50 master1 192.168.200.51 master2 192.168.200.52 node1
2、配置主机之间无密码登陆
ssh-keygen -t rsa ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub master1 ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub master2 ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub node1
3、修改内核参数
##加载br_netfilter 模块 modprobe br_netfilter ##验证模块是否加载成功 lsmod |grep br_netfilter ##修改内核参数 cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf <<EOF net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 EOF ##参数生效 sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
4、下载一些小工具
yum install openssh-clients -y yum install ntpdate -y yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 wget net-tools nfs-utils lrzsz gcc gcc-c++ make cmake libxml2-devel openssl-devel curl curl-devel unzip sudo ntp libaio-devel wget vim ncurses-devel autoconf automake zlib-devel python-devel epel-release openssh-server socat ipvsadm conntrack ntpdate telnet rsync
5、配置时间同步
##跟网络源做同步 ntpdate cn.pool.ntp.org ##把时间同步做成计划任务 crontab -e * */1 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate cn.pool.ntp.org ###重启 crond 服务 service crond restart
6、开启ipvs
vim ipvs.modules #!/bin/bash ipvs_modules="ip_vs ip_vs_lc ip_vs_wlc ip_vs_rr ip_vs_wrr ip_vs_lblc ip_vs_lblcr ip_vs_dh ip_vs_sh ip_vs_nq ip_vs_sed ip_vs_ftp nf_conntrack" for kernel_module in ${ipvs_modules}; do /sbin/modinfo -F filename ${kernel_module} > /dev/null 2>&1 if [ 0 -eq 0 ]; then /sbin/modprobe ${kernel_module} fi done ---------------------------------- chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep ip_vs [root@master1 modules]# scp /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules master2:/etc/sysconfig/modules/ ipvs.modules chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep ip_vs [root@master1 modules]# scp /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules node1:/etc/sysconfig/modules/ ipvs.modules chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep ip_vs
二、安装docker
##配置源 yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo ##下载 yum install docker-ce-20.10.6 docker-ce-cli-20.10.6 containerd.io -y ##开启Docker服务 service docker start ##配置加速器 vim /etc/docker/daemon.json { "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"], "registry-mirrors": ["https://docker.1ms.run"] } systemctl daemon-reload systemctl restart docker ##kubelet 默认使用 systemd，两者必须一致才可以。
三、搭建etcd集群
1、创建配置文件和证书文件存放目录
##全部机器 mkdir -p /etc/etcd mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl
2、安装签发证书工具 cfssl
mkdir /data/work -p ##看个人喜欢吧 cd /data/work/ wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64 wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64 wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 ##执行权限 chmod +x * mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
3、配置 ca 证书
##生成 ca 证书请求文件 [root@master1 work]# cat ca-csr.json { "CN": "kubernetes", #公用名称 "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", #只能是国家字母缩写 "ST": "Guangxi", #所在省份 "L": "Nanning", #所在城市 "O": "k8s", #单位名称 "OU": "system" } ], "ca": { "expiry": "87600h" } } [root@master1 work]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca [root@master1 work]# ##生成 ca 证书文件 [root@master1 work]# cat ca-config.json { "signing": { "default": { "expiry": "87600h" }, "profiles": { "kubernetes": { "usages": [ "signing", "key encipherment", "server auth", "client auth" ], "expiry": "87600h" } } } }
4、生成 etcd 证书
##配置 etcd 证书请求，hosts的ip换自己etcd所在节点的 ip [root@master1 work]# cat etcd-csr.json { "CN": "etcd", "hosts": [ "127.0.0.1", "192.168.200.50", "192.168.200.51", "192.168.200.199" ##vip漂移看后续要不要高可用 ], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [{ "C": "CN", "ST": "Guangxi", "L": "Nanning", "O": "k8s", "OU": "system" }] } [root@master1 work]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes etcd-csr.json | cfssljson -bare etcd
5、部署 etcd 集群
wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.13/etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64.tar.gz
node节点是不用etcd的，我弄就弄了。
[root@master1 work]# ls ca-config.json ca-csr.json ca.pem etcd-csr.json etcd.pem ca.csr ca-key.pem etcd.csr etcd-key.pem etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64.tar.gz [root@master1 work]# tar -xf etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64.tar.gz [root@master1 work]# cp -p etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64/etcd* /usr/local/bin/ scp -r etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64/etcd* master2:/usr/local/bin/ scp -r etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64/etcd* node1:/usr/local/bin/ ##创建配置文件 [root@master1 work]# cat etcd.conf #[Member] ETCD_NAME="etcd1" ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd" ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.200.50:2380" ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.200.50:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379" #[Clustering] ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.200.50:2380" ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.200.50:2379" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd1=https://192.168.200.50:2380,etcd2=https://192.168.200.51:2380,etcd3=https://192.168.200.52:2380" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new" ##解释 ETCD_NAME：节点名称，集群中唯一 ETCD_DATA_DIR：数据目录 ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS：集群通信监听地址 ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS：客户端访问监听地址 ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS：集群通告地址 ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS：客户端通告地址 ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER：集群节点地址 ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN：集群 Token ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE：加入集群的当前状态，new 是新集群，existing 表示加入已有集群 ##创建启动服务文件 [root@master1 work]# cat etcd.service [Unit] Description=Etcd Server After=network.target After=network-online.target Wants=network-online.target [Service] Type=notify EnvironmentFile=-/etc/etcd/etcd.conf WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd/ ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd \ --cert-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \ --key-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \ --trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \ --peer-cert-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \ --peer-key-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \ --peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \ --peer-client-cert-auth \ --client-cert-auth Restart=on-failure RestartSec=5 LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target cp ca*.pem /etc/etcd/ssl/ cp etcd*.pem /etc/etcd/ssl/ cp etcd.conf /etc/etcd/ cp etcd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/ ##传给其他主节点机器 for i in master2;do rsync -vaz etcd.conf $i:/etc/etcd/;done for i in master2;do rsync -vaz etcd*.pem ca*.pem $i:/etc/etcd/ssl/;done for i in master2;do rsync -vaz etcd.service $i:/usr/lib/systemd/system/;done ##启动 etcd 集群 [root@master2 ~]# cat /etc/etcd/etcd.conf #[Member] ETCD_NAME="etcd2" ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd" ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.200.51:2380" ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.200.51:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379" #[Clustering] ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.200.51:2380" ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.200.51:2379" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd1=https://192.168.200.50:2380,etcd2=https://192.168.200.51:2380,etcd3=https://192.168.200.52:2380" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new" [root@master1 work]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@master1 work]# systemctl enable etcd.service Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/etcd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service. [root@master1 work]# systemctl start etcd.service ###启动1的时候发现会卡住，执行完2就好了 [root@master2 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@master2 ~]# systemctl enable etcd.service Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/etcd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service. [root@master2 ~]# systemctl start etcd.service
6、查看 etcd 集群
[root@master1 ]# ETCDCTL_API=3 [root@master1 ]# /usr/local/bin/etcdctl --write-out=table --cacert=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem --key=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem --endpoints=https://192.168.200.50:2379,https://192.168.200.51:2379 endpoint health
四、安装 kubernetes 组件
组件 版本要求 说明 kube-apiserver 必须一致 控制平面核心 kube-controller-manager 必须一致 和 apiserver 同版本 kube-scheduler 必须一致 和 apiserver 同版本 kubelet 建议一致（允许 ±1 minor） worker 节点组件 kube-proxy 建议一致（允许 ±1 minor） 跟随 kubelet etcd 兼容即可 推荐官方指定版本 CoreDNS 独立 任意兼容版本 CNI 插件 独立 任意兼容版本 Add-ons (metrics-server, dashboard, ingress) 独立 可随时升级 kubectl 必须一致 和 kube-apiserver 通信
##下载安装包 https://www.downloadkubernetes.com/ ### 下载 Kubernetes v1.28.3 二进制 https://dl.k8s.io/v1.28.3/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz cp kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl /usr/local/bin/ #传到其他控制节点 rsync -vaz kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl master2:/usr/local/bin/ scp kubelet kube-proxy node1:/usr/local/bin/ [root@master1 work]# mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/ [root@master1 work]# mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/ssl [root@master1 work]# mkdir /var/log/kubernetes [root@master1 work]#
1、部署 apiserver 组件
##启动 TLS Bootstrapping 机制 自动颁发客户端证书，kubelet 会以一个低权限用户自动向 apiserver 申请证书，kubelet 的证书由 apiserver 动态签署 TLS bootstrapping 功能是让 kubelet 组件去 apiserver 申请证书，然后用于连接 apiserver ##创建 token.csv 文件 cat > token.csv << EOF $(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '),kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap" EOF 生成一个 Kubernetes 的 bootstrap token 文件（token.csv），主要用于 kubelet 向 apiserver 注册 的时候进行认证。 head -c 16 /dev/urandom 从随机源 /dev/urandom 读取 16 个字节随机数。 用来生成一个随机 token。 od -An -t x od = octal dump（数据转储工具）。 -An 表示不要显示偏移量。 -t x 表示以十六进制输出。 输出就是 16 个字节的随机十六进制字符串。 tr -d ' ' 去掉中间多余的空格，让 token 连续显示。 ##创建 csr 请求文件 [root@master1 work]# cat kube-apiserver-csr.json { "CN": "kubernetes", "hosts": [ "127.0.0.1", "192.168.200.50", "192.168.200.51", "192.168.200.52", "192.168.200.199", "10.255.0.1", #10.255.0.1：集群内 kubernetes Service 的 ClusterIP "kubernetes", "kubernetes.default", "kubernetes.default.svc", "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster", "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local" ], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "ST": "Guangxi", "L": "Nanning", "O": "k8s", "OU": "system" } ] } [root@master1 work]# ##生成证书 cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-apiserver-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-apiserver ##创建 api-server 的配置文件 [root@master1 work]# cat kube-apiserver.conf KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,NodeRestriction,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota \ --anonymous-auth=false \ --bind-address=192.168.200.50 \ --secure-port=6443 \ --advertise-address=192.168.200.50 \ --insecure-port=0 \ --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC \ --runtime-config=api/all=true \ --enable-bootstrap-token-auth \ --service-cluster-ip-range=10.255.0.0/16 \ --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv \ --service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \ --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver.pem \ --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver-key.pem \ --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver.pem \ --kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver-key.pem \ --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \ --service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \ --service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local \ --etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \ --etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \ --etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \ --etcd-servers=https://192.168.200.50:2379,https://192.168.200.51:2379,https://192.168.200.52:2379 \ --enable-swagger-ui=true \ --allow-privileged=true \ --apiserver-count=3 \ --audit-log-maxage=30 \ --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \ --audit-log-maxsize=100 \ --audit-log-path=/var/log/kube-apiserver-audit.log \ --event-ttl=1h \ --alsologtostderr=true \ --logtostderr=false \ --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \ --v=4" ##解释 --logtostderr：启用日志 --v：日志等级 --log-dir：日志目录 --etcd-servers：etcd 集群地址 --bind-address：监听地址 --secure-port：https 安全端口 --advertise-address：集群通告地址 --allow-privileged：启用授权 --service-cluster-ip-range：Service 虚拟 IP 地址段 --enable-admission-plugins：准入控制模块 --authorization-mode：认证授权，启用 RBAC 授权和节点自管理 --enable-bootstrap-token-auth：启用 TLS bootstrap 机制 --token-auth-file：bootstrap token 文件 --service-node-port-range：Service nodeport 类型默认分配端口范围 --kubelet-client-xxx：apiserver 访问 kubelet 客户端证书 --tls-xxx-file：apiserver https 证书 --etcd-xxxfile：连接 Etcd 集群证书 --audit-log-xxx：审计日志 ##创建服务启动文件 [root@master1 work]# vim kube-apiserver.service You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root [root@master1 work]# cat kube-apiserver.service [Unit] Description=Kubernetes API Server Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes After=etcd.service Wants=etcd.service [Service] EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-apiserver.conf ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS Restart=on-failure RestartSec=5 Type=notify LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target [root@master1 work]# cp ca*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl [root@master1 work]# cp kube-apiserver*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/ [root@master1 work]# cp token.csv /etc/kubernetes/ [root@master1 work]# cp kube-apiserver.conf /etc/kubernetes/ [root@master1 work]# cp kube-apiserver.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/ [root@master1 work]# rsync -vaz token.csv master2:/etc/kubernetes/ [root@master1 work]# rsync -vaz kube-apiserver*.pem master2:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ [root@master1 work]# rsync -vaz ca*.pem master2:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ [root@master1 work]# rsync -vaz kube-apiserver.conf master2:/etc/kubernetes/ [root@master1 work]# rsync -vaz kube-apiserver.service master2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ ##修改控制节点2的ip [root@master2 ~]# cat /etc/kubernetes/kube-apiserver.conf KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,NodeRestriction,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota \ --anonymous-auth=false \ --bind-address=192.168.200.51 \ --secure-port=6443 \ --advertise-address=192.168.200.51 \ --insecure-port=0 \ --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC \ --runtime-config=api/all=true \ --enable-bootstrap-token-auth \ --service-cluster-ip-range=10.255.0.0/16 \ --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv \ --service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \ --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver.pem \ --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver-key.pem \ --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver.pem \ --kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver-key.pem \ --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \ --service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \ --service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local \ --etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \ --etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \ --etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \ --etcd-servers=https://192.168.200.50:2379,https://192.168.200.51:2379,https://192.168.200.52:2379 \ --enable-swagger-ui=true \ --allow-privileged=true \ --apiserver-count=3 \ --audit-log-maxage=30 \ --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \ --audit-log-maxsize=100 \ --audit-log-path=/var/log/kube-apiserver-audit.log \ --event-ttl=1h \ --alsologtostderr=true \ --logtostderr=false \ --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \ --v=4" ##启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable kube-apiserver systemctl start kube-apiserver systemctl status kube-apiserver ##查看状态，为401，因为没有认证 [root@master1 work]# curl --insecure https://192.168.200.50:6443/ { "kind": "Status", "apiVersion": "v1", "metadata": { }, "status": "Failure", "message": "Unauthorized", "reason": "Unauthorized", "code": 401
2、部署 kubectl 组件
##创建 csr 请求文件 [root@master1 work]# cat admin-csr.json { "CN": "admin", "hosts": [], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "ST": "Guangxi", "L": "Nanning", "O": "system:masters", "OU": "system" } ] } 一个 证书请求配置文件（CSR 配置），主要用来生成 Kubernetes 管理员（admin）证书。 ##生成证书 cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin cp admin*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/ ##创建 kubeconfig 配置文件 ##1.设置集群参数 kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.200.50:6443 --kubeconfig=kube.config #解释 kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes 创建一个名字为 kubernetes 的集群配置。 --certificate-authority=ca.pem 指定用于验证 API Server 证书的 CA 根证书。 --embed-certs=true 把证书内容直接写入到 kube.config 文件里（而不是只写路径）。 --server=https://192.168.200.50:6443 指定 API Server 的访问地址（这里是 master 节点的 IP 和 6443 端口）。 --kubeconfig=kube.config 把配置写入到 kube.config 文件中，而不是默认的 ~/.kube/config。 ##查看 kube.config 内容 [root@master1 work]# cat kube.config apiVersion: v1 clusters: - cluster: certificate-authority-data: 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 server: https://192.168.200.50:6443 name: kubernetes contexts: null current-context: "" kind: Config preferences: {} users: null [root@master1 work]# ##2.设置客户端认证参数 kubectl config set-credentials admin --client-certificate=admin.pem --client-key=admin-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=kube.config ##配置 kubeconfig 文件里的上下文 kubectl config set-context kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes --user=admin --kubeconfig=kube.config ##解释 kubectl config set-context kubernetes 新建一个名为 kubernetes 的上下文 (context)。 --cluster=kubernetes 指定这个上下文要连接的集群（就是你之前 kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes 配置的集群）。 --user=admin 指定使用的用户（你之前用 kubectl config set-credentials admin 配置的 admin 用户证书）。 --kubeconfig=kube.config 指定把配置写到 kube.config 文件，而不是默认的 ~/.kube/config。 ##设置当前上下文--切换当前使用的上下文 [root@master1 work]# kubectl config use-context kubernetes --kubeconfig=kube.config [root@master1 work]# mkdir ~/.kube -p [root@master1 work]# cp kube.config ~/.kube/config 把你之前生成的 kube.config 拷贝为默认配置文件 ~/.kube/config。 这样以后就可以直接用 kubectl，不用每次都加 --kubeconfig=kube.config 参数了。
3、授权 kubernetes 证书访问 kubelet api 权限
[root@master1 work]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kube-apiserver:kubelet-apis --clusterrole=system:kubelet-api-admin --user kubernetes ---给 API Server 进程绑定访问 kubelet API 的权限 ##解释 clusterrolebinding 在 Kubernetes 里，ClusterRoleBinding 是把 ClusterRole（集群角色） 绑定到某个 User/Group/ServiceAccount 上的机制。 这样绑定之后，被绑定的对象就拥有这个 ClusterRole 定义的权限。 --clusterrole=system:kubelet-api-admin 这是 Kubernetes 内置的一个 ClusterRole，主要作用是： 允许访问 kubelet 提供的全部 API（例如 /metrics、/logs、/spec、/exec 等）。 如果没有这个权限，apiserver 可能无法调用 kubelet 的一些接口。 --user kubernetes 这里的 kubernetes 指的是你在 API Server 的启动参数里（或者 TLS 证书 CN 字段里）配置的用户身份。 通常二进制部署时，apiserver 的 kubeconfig 里 --kubelet-client-certificate / --kubelet-client-key 证书的 CN 可能就是 kubernetes。 所以这里是告诉集群：名为 kubernetes 的用户，有权访问所有 kubelet API。 kube-apiserver:kubelet-apis 这是这个 ClusterRoleBinding 的名字，可以随便取，只要唯一即可。 ##同步Kubectl文件 [root@master2 ~]# mkdir /root/.kube/ [root@master2 ~]# rsync -vaz /root/.kube/config master2:/root/.kube/ ##配置 kubectl 子命令补全 yum install -y bash-completion source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion source <(kubectl completion bash) kubectl completion bash > ~/.kube/completion.bash.inc source '/root/.kube/completion.bash.inc' source $HOME/.bash_profile
4、部署 kube-controller-manager 组件
##创建 csr 请求文件 [root@master1 work]# cat kube-controller-manager-csr.json { "CN": "system:kube-controller-manager", "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "hosts": [ "127.0.0.1", "192.168.200.50", "192.168.200.51", "192.168.200.52", "192.168.40.199" ], "names": [ { "C": "CN", "ST": "Guangxi", "L": "Nanning", "O": "system:kube-controller-manager", "OU": "system" } ] } ##生成证书 [root@master1 work]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-controller-manager ###创建 kube-controller-manager 的 kubeconfig 1.设置集群参数 [root@master1 work]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.200.50:6443 --kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig --给 kube-controller-manager 组件生成一个专用的 kubeconfig 配置文件 2.设置客户端认证参数 [root@master1 work]# kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-controller-manager --client-certificate=kube-controller-manager.pem --client-key=kube-controller-manager-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig 3.设置上下文参数 [root@master1 work]# kubectl config set-context system:kube-controller-manager --cluster=kubernetes --user=system:kube-controller-manager --kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig 4.设置当前上下文 [root@master1 work]# kubectl config use-context system:kube-controller-manager --kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig ##创建配置文件 kube-controller-manager.conf [root@master1 work]# cat kube-controller-manager.conf KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--port=0 \ --secure-port=10252 \ --bind-address=127.0.0.1 \ --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig \ --service-cluster-ip-range=10.255.0.0/16 \ --cluster-name=kubernetes \ --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \ --allocate-node-cidrs=true \ --cluster-cidr=10.0.0.0/16 \ --experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h \ --root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \ --leader-elect=true \ --feature-gates=RotateKubeletServerCertificate=true \ --controllers=*,bootstrapsigner,tokencleaner \ --horizontal-pod-autoscaler-use-rest-clients=true \ --horizontal-pod-autoscaler-sync-period=10s \ --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-controller-manager.pem \ --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-controller-manager-key.pem \ --use-service-account-credentials=true \ --alsologtostderr=true \ --logtostderr=false \ --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \ --v=2" ##创建启动文件 [root@master1 work]# cat kube-controller-manager.service [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager.conf ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS Restart=on-failure RestartSec=5 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target ###启动服务 [root@master1 work]# cp kube-controller-manager*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/ [root@master1 work]# cp kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig /etc/kubernetes/ [root@master1 work]# cp kube-controller-manager.conf /etc/kubernetes/ [root@master1 work]# cp kube-controller-manager.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/ [root@master1 work]# rsync -vaz kube-controller-manager*.pem master2:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ [root@master1 work]# rsync -vaz kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig kube-controller-manager.conf master2:/etc/kubernetes/ [root@master1 work]# rsync -vaz kube-controller-manager.service master2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ ##启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable kube-controller-manager systemctl start kube-controller-manager systemctl status kube-controller-manager
5、部署 kube-scheduler 组件
##创建 csr 请求 [root@master1 work]# cat kube-scheduler-csr.json { "CN": "system:kube-scheduler", "hosts": [ "127.0.0.1", "192.168.200.50", "192.168.200.51", "192.168.40.199" ], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "ST": "Guangxi", "L": "Nanning", "O": "system:kube-scheduler", "OU": "system" } ] } ##生成证书 cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-scheduler ##创建 kube-scheduler 的 kubeconfig 1.设置集群参数 kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.200.50:6443 --kubeconfig=kube-scheduler.kubeconfig 2.设置客户端认证参数 kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-scheduler --client-certificate=kube-scheduler.pem --client-key=kube-scheduler-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=kube-scheduler.kubeconfig 3.设置上下文参数 kubectl config set-context system:kube-scheduler --cluster=kubernetes --user=system:kube-scheduler --kubeconfig=kube-scheduler.kubeconfig 4.设置当前上下文 kubectl config use-context system:kube-scheduler --kubeconfig=kube-scheduler.kubeconfig ###创建配置文件 kube-scheduler.conf [root@master1 work]# cat kube-scheduler.conf KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--address=127.0.0.1 \ --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig \ --leader-elect=true \ --alsologtostderr=true \ --logtostderr=false \ --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \ --v=2" ##创建服务启动文件 [root@master1 work]# cat kube-scheduler.service [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Scheduler Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-scheduler.conf ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS Restart=on-failure RestartSec=5 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target ##启动服务 [root@master1 work]# cp kube-scheduler*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/ [root@master1 work]# cp kube-scheduler.kubeconfig /etc/kubernetes/ [root@master1 work]# cp kube-scheduler.conf /etc/kubernetes/ [root@master1 work]# cp kube-scheduler.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/ [root@master1 work]# rsync -vaz kube-scheduler*.pem master2:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ [root@master1 work]# rsync -vaz kube-scheduler.kubeconfig kube-scheduler.conf master2:/etc/kubernetes/ [root@master1 work]# rsync -vaz kube-scheduler.service master2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable kube-scheduler systemctl start kube-scheduler systemctl status kube-scheduler
6、node节点下载pause
Kubernetes 版本 pause 版本 CoreDNS 版本 v1.25.x 3.8 1.9.3 v1.26.x 3.9 1.9.3 v1.27.x 3.9 1.10.1 v1.28.x 3.9 1.10.1 v1.29.x 3.9 1.11.1 v1.30.x 3.10 1.11.1
##官方镜像仓库： registry.k8s.io/pause docker pull registry.k8s.io/pause:3.9 docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.9
7、部署 kubelet 组件
##创建 kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig [root@master1 work]# cd /data/work/ [root@master1 work]# BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(awk -F "," '{print $1}' /etc/kubernetes/token.csv) --自动读取 token.csv 文件中的第一个字段（token），赋值给变量 BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN ##在 kubeconfig 的结构里，至少要有 3 个部分： cluster：集群信息（API server 地址、证书等） user：认证信息（token、证书等） context：把 cluster + user + namespace 关联起来 [root@master1 work]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.200.50:6443 --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig [root@master1 work]# kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap --token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig [root@master1 work]# kubectl config set-context default --cluster=kubernetes --user=kubelet-bootstrap --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig [root@master1 work]# kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig [root@master1 work]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --user=kubelet-bootstrap ###创建配置文件 kubelet.json --注意换ip [root@master1 work]# cat kubelet.json { "kind": "KubeletConfiguration", "apiVersion": "kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1", "authentication": { "x509": { "clientCAFile": "/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem" }, "webhook": { "enabled": true, "cacheTTL": "2m0s" }, "anonymous": { "enabled": false } }, "authorization": { "mode": "Webhook", "webhook": { "cacheAuthorizedTTL": "5m0s", "cacheUnauthorizedTTL": "30s" } }, "address": "192.168.200.52", "port": 10250, "readOnlyPort": 10255, "cgroupDriver": "systemd", "hairpinMode": "promiscuous-bridge", "serializeImagePulls": false, "featureGates": { "RotateKubeletClientCertificate": true, "RotateKubeletServerCertificate": true }, "clusterDomain": "cluster.local.", "clusterDNS": ["10.255.0.2"] } ##编写启动文件 [root@master1 work]# cat kubelet.service [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Kubelet Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes After=docker.service Requires=docker.service [Service] WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet \ --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig \ --cert-dir=/etc/kubernetes/ssl \ --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig \ --config=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.json \ --network-plugin=cni \ --pod-infra-container-image=k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.2 \ ##看你的版本 --alsologtostderr=true \ --logtostderr=false \ --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \ --v=2 Restart=on-failure RestartSec=5 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target [root@node1 ~]# mkdir /etc/kubernetes/ssl -p [root@master1 work]# scp kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig kubelet.json node1:/etc/kubernetes/ [root@master1 work]# scp ca.pem node1:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ [root@master1 work]# scp kubelet.service node1:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ ##启动 [root@node1 ~]# mkdir /var/lib/kubelet [root@node1 ~]# mkdir /var/log/kubernetes [root@node1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@node1 ~]# systemctl enable kubelet [root@node1 ~]# systemctl start kubelet [root@node1 ~]# systemctl status kubelet ##执行如下命令，加入节点 [root@master1 work]# kubectl get csr NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION node-csr-pdm4sh2KNDSWjOlAbMmhqmWZSmgrFpwI9n_2sCUW-10 86m kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Pending [root@master1 work]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-pdm4sh2KNDSWjOlAbMmhqmWZSmgrFpwI9n_2sCUW-10 certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-pdm4sh2KNDSWjOlAbMmhqmWZSmgrFpwI9n_2sCUW-10 approved [root@master1 work]# kubectl get csr NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION node-csr-pdm4sh2KNDSWjOlAbMmhqmWZSmgrFpwI9n_2sCUW-10 87m kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued [root@master1 work]# kubectl get nodes NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION node1 NotReady <none> 21s v1.20.7 ##因为没安装网络插件
8、部署 kube-proxy 组件
##创建 csr 请求 [root@master1 work]# cat kube-proxy-csr.json { "CN": "system:kube-proxy", "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "ST": "Guangxi", "L": "Nanning", "O": "k8s", "OU": "system" } ] } ##生成证书 [root@master1 work]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy Kubernetes 里的 kube-proxy 证书 只用于客户端认证（访问 apiserver），不需要绑定具体的域名或 IP，所以这个 warning 可以忽略。 hosts 可以留空，因为它不做服务端 TLS，只做客户端 TLS 认证 ##创建 kubeconfig 文件 [root@master1 work]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.200.50:6443 --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig [root@master1 work]# kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy --client-certificate=kube-proxy.pem --client-key=kube-proxy-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig [root@master1 work]# kubectl config set-context default --cluster=kubernetes --user=kube-proxy --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig [root@master1 work]# kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig ##创建 kube-proxy 配置文件 [root@master1 work]# cat kube-proxy.yaml apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1 bindAddress: 192.168.200.52 clientConnection: kubeconfig: /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig clusterCIDR: 192.168.200.0/24 healthzBindAddress: 192.168.200.52:10256 kind: KubeProxyConfiguration metricsBindAddress: 192.168.200.52:10249 mode: "ipvs" ##创建服务启动文件 [root@master1 work]# cat kube-proxy.service [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Kube-Proxy Server Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes After=network.target [Service] WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kube-proxy ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-proxy \ --config=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.yaml \ --alsologtostderr=true \ --logtostderr=false \ --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \ --v=2 Restart=on-failure RestartSec=5 LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target [root@master1 work]# scp kube-proxy.kubeconfig kube-proxy.yaml node1:/etc/kubernetes/ [root@master1 work]# scp kube-proxy.service node1:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ ##启动 [root@node1 ~]# mkdir -p /var/lib/kube-proxy [root@node1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@node1 ~]# systemctl enable kube-proxy [root@node1 ~]# systemctl start kube-proxy [root@node1 ~]# systemctl status kube-proxy
9、部署 calico 组件
docker pull calico/node:v3.27.2 ##calico.yaml文件 https://raw.githubusercontent.com/projectcalico/calico/v3.27.2/manifests/calico.yaml 网段：默认是 192.168.0.0/16，如果你在 kubeadm 或二进制部署时指定的 Pod 网段不是这个，需要改一下。 镜像地址：国内可能拉不动 docker.io/calico/... 或 quay.io/...，需要换成阿里云/中科大镜像源。 [root@master1 work]# kubectl apply -f calico.yaml [root@master1 work]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE calico-kube-controllers-6949477b58-45rwg 1/1 Running 0 16m calico-node-6c7bs ##如果看到是Pending，查找原因，可能是pod没通过kubelet 加入 kubectl describe pod calico名字 -n kube-system
10、部署 coredns 组件
##CoreDNS 版本要和 Kubernetes 版本匹配 https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/cluster/addons/dns/coredns Kubernetes 默认的 DNS 服务 Pod 可以通过 service-name.namespace.svc.cluster.local 找到服务 IP ##kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local 每当新 Service 创建或删除，CoreDNS 会自动更新解析记录 外部域名解析、黑名单、负载均衡 [root@master1 ~]# kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml [root@master1 ~]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE calico-kube-controllers-6949477b58-45rwg 1/1 Running 0 19m calico-node-6c7bs 1/1 Running 0 4m39s coredns-7bf4bd64bd-k7s2h 1/1 Running 0 15s [root@master1 ~]# kubectl get svc -n kube-system NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE kube-dns ClusterIP 10.255.0.2 <none> 53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP 24s
五、部署 tomcat 服务(测试)
##node节点pull tomcat镜像 [root@master1 ~]# vim tomcat.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: demo-pod namespace: default labels: app: myapp env: dev spec: containers: - name: tomcat-pod-java ports: - containerPort: 8080 image: 看你pull的镜像名称 imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent - name: busybox image: busybox:latest command: - "/bin/sh" - "-c" - "sleep 3600" [root@master1 ~]# kubectl apply -f tomcat.yaml ##外部访问 [root@master1 ~]# vim tomcat-service.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: tomcat spec: type: NodePort ports: - port: 8080 nodePort: 30080 selector: app: myapp env: dev [root@master1 ~]# kubectl apply -f tomcat-service.yaml [root@master1 ~]# kubectl get svc NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE kubernetes ClusterIP 10.255.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 11h tomcat NodePort 10.255.20.244 <none> 8080:30080/TCP 3m37s ##访问 节点ip + 30080
###后续可以弄 keepalived+nginx 高可用、Dashboard可视化.......
##练习笔记