搭建 MySQL MHA

搭建 MySQL MHA

实验拓扑图

实验环境

实验思路

MHA架构

1. 数据库安装
2. 一主两从
3. MHA搭建

故障模拟

1. 主库失效
2. 备选主库成为主库
3. 原故障主库恢复重新加入到MHA成为从库

实验部署

数据库安装

MySQL安装教程

主从复制部署

时间同步

所有服务器均需要进行配置(仅以Master服务器举例)

yum install -y chrony

vim /etc/chrony.conf 
	#注释原有ntp服务器，添加阿里ntp服务源
	server ntp.aliyun.com iburst
		
systemctl restart chronyd

chronyc sources -v

systemctl enable --now chronyd

主服务器配置

vim /etc/my.cnf
	server-id=1
	log_bin = mysql-bin
	binlog_format = mixed
	log-slave-updates = true
	relay-log = relay-log-bin
	relay-log-index = slave-relay-bin.index	

systemctl restart mysqld
​

mysql -u root -pAdmin@123

grant replication slave on *.* to 'myslave'@'10.190.33.%' identified by 'Admin@123';

grant all privileges on *.* to 'manager'@'10.190.33.%' identified by 'Admin@123';

grant all privileges on *.* to 'manager'@'10.190.33.71' identified by 'Admin@123';

grant all privileges on *.* to 'manager'@'10.190.33.72' identified by 'Admin@123';

grant all privileges on *.* to 'manager'@'10.190.33.73' identified by 'Admin@123';

flush privileges;


show master status;

从服务器配置

vim /etc/my.cnf
	server-id = 2
	log_bin = mysql-bin
	binlog_format = mixed
	log-slave-updates = true
	relay-log = relay-log-bin
	relay-log-index = slave-relay-bin.index

systemctl restart mysqld

mysql -u root -pAdmin@123


grant replication slave on *.* to 'myslave'@'10.190.33.%' identified by 'Admin@123';

grant all privileges on *.* to 'manager'@'10.190.33.%' identified by 'Admin@123';

grant all privileges on *.* to 'manager'@'10.190.33.71' identified by 'Admin@123';

grant all privileges on *.* to 'manager'@'10.190.33.72' identified by 'Admin@123';

grant all privileges on *.* to 'manager'@'10.190.33.73' identified by 'Admin@123';

flush privileges;

change master to master_host='10.190.33.71',master_user='myslave',master_password='Admin@123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=3400;

start slave;

show slave status\G

set global read_only=1;

• Slave1
  
• Slave2
  

创建链接

所有的数据库服务器(仅以Master服务器举例)

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/sbin/

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlbinlog /usr/sbin/

MHA搭建

安装依赖的环境

所有的服务器(仅以Master服务器举例)

yum install epel-release --nogpgcheck -y

yum install -y perl-DBD-MySQL \
perl-Config-Tiny \
perl-Log-Dispatch \
perl-Parallel-ForkManager \
perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder \
perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker \
perl-CPAN

安装 node 组件

所有的服务器(仅以Master服务器举例)

cd /opt

tar xf mha4mysql-node-0.57.tar.gz

cd mha4mysql-node-0.57

perl Makefile.PL

make && make install

安装 manager 组件

manager服务器

cd /opt

tar xf mha4mysql-manager-0.57.tar.gz

cd mha4mysql-manager-0.57

perl Makefile.PL

make && make install

配置无密码认证

所有的服务器

#manager节点上配置到所有数据库节点的无密码认证

ssh-keygen -t rsa
		
ssh-copy-id 10.190.33.71

ssh-copy-id 10.190.33.72

ssh-copy-id 10.190.33.73



#master节点上配置到数据库节点 slave1 和 slave2的无密码认证

ssh-keygen -t rsa
		
ssh-copy-id 10.190.33.72

ssh-copy-id 10.190.33.73


#slave1节点上配置到数据库节点 master和 slave2的无密码认证

ssh-keygen -t rsa
		
ssh-copy-id 10.190.33.71

ssh-copy-id 10.190.33.73


#slave2节点上配置到数据库节点 master和 slave1 的无密码认证

ssh-keygen -t rsa
		
ssh-copy-id 10.190.33.71

ssh-copy-id 10.190.33.72

• manager

• master

• slave1

• slave2

在 manager 节点上配置 MHA

cp -rp /opt/mha4mysql-manager-0.57/samples/scripts /usr/local/bin

ll /usr/local/bin/scripts/



cp /usr/local/bin/scripts/master_ip_failover /usr/local/bin


vim /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover

	###删除所有后；拷贝前输入 :set paste 解决vim粘贴乱序问题
	
	#!/usr/bin/env perl
	use strict;
	use warnings FATAL => 'all';
	
	use Getopt::Long;
	
	my (
	$command, $ssh_user, $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip,
	$orig_master_port, $new_master_host, $new_master_ip, $new_master_port
	);
	my $vip = '10.190.33.100';
	my $brdc = '10.190.33.255';
	my $ifdev = 'ens33';			##看下自己网卡是ens33则不用动，不是ens33就换成自己网卡名
	my $key = '1';
	my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens33:$key $vip";
	my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens33:$key down";
	my $exit_code = 0;
	#my $ssh_start_vip = "/usr/sbin/ip addr add $vip/24 brd $brdc dev $ifdev label $ifdev:$key;/usr/sbin/arping -q -A -c 1 -I $ifdev $vip;iptables -F;";
	#my $ssh_stop_vip = "/usr/sbin/ip addr del $vip/24 dev $ifdev label $ifdev:$key";
	
	GetOptions(
	'command=s' => \$command,
	'ssh_user=s' => \$ssh_user,
	'orig_master_host=s' => \$orig_master_host,
	'orig_master_ip=s' => \$orig_master_ip,
	'orig_master_port=i' => \$orig_master_port,
	'new_master_host=s' => \$new_master_host,
	'new_master_ip=s' => \$new_master_ip,
	'new_master_port=i' => \$new_master_port,
	);
	
	exit &main();
	
	sub main {
	
	print "\n\nIN SCRIPT TEST====$ssh_stop_vip==$ssh_start_vip===\n\n";
	
	if ( $command eq "stop" || $command eq "stopssh" ) {
	
	my $exit_code = 1;
	eval {
	print "Disabling the VIP on old master: $orig_master_host \n";
	&stop_vip();
	$exit_code = 0;
	};
	if ($@) {
	warn "Got Error: $@\n";
	exit $exit_code;
	}
	exit $exit_code;
	}
	elsif ( $command eq "start" ) {
	
	my $exit_code = 10;
	eval {
	print "Enabling the VIP - $vip on the new master - $new_master_host \n";
	&start_vip();
	$exit_code = 0;
	};
	if ($@) {
	warn $@;
	exit $exit_code;
	}
	exit $exit_code;
	}
	elsif ( $command eq "status" ) {
	print "Checking the Status of the script.. OK \n";
	exit 0;
	}
	else {
	&usage();
	exit 1;
	}
	}
	sub start_vip() {
	`ssh $ssh_user\@$new_master_host \" $ssh_start_vip \"`;
	}
	## A simple system call that disable the VIP on the old_master
	sub stop_vip() {
	`ssh $ssh_user\@$orig_master_host \" $ssh_stop_vip \"`;
	}
	
	sub usage {
	print
	"Usage: master_ip_failover --command=start|stop|stopssh|status --orig_master_host=host --orig_master_ip=ip --orig_master_port=port --new_master_host=host --new_master_ip=ip --new_master_port=port\n";
	}

管理 mysql 节点服务器

创建相关目录

所有的服务器(仅以Master服务器举例)

mkdir -p /opt/mysql-mha/mha-node

编写配置文件

mkdir -p /opt/mysql-mha/mha-manager

vim /opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf

	[server default]
	manager_log=/opt/mysql-mha/manager.log
	manager_workdir=/opt/mysql-mha/mha-manager
	remote_workdir=/opt/mysql-mha/mha-node
	master_binlog_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data
	ping_interval=1
	master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
	master_ip_online_change_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_online_change
	user=manager
	password=Admin@123
	repl_user=myslave
	repl_password=Admin@123
	port=3306
	secondary_check_script=/usr/local/bin/masterha_secondary_check -s 10.190.33.72 -s 10.190.33.73
	shutdown_script=""
	ssh_user=root
	
	[server1]
	hostname=10.190.33.71
	port=3306
	
	[server2]
	candidate_master=1
	check_repl_delay=0
	hostname=10.190.33.72
	port=3306
	
	[server3]
	hostname=10.190.33.73
	port=3306

手动开启虚拟IP

Master服务器

/sbin/ifconfig ens33:1 10.190.33.100/24

ifconfig

测试 ssh 无密码认证及 MySQL主从连接情况

masterha_check_ssh -conf=/opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf
		#测试 ssh 无密码认证

masterha_check_repl -conf=/opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf
		#MySQL主从连接情况

启动 MHA

nohup masterha_manager \
--conf=/opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf \
--remove_dead_master_conf \
--ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha_manager.log 2>&1 &


masterha_check_status --conf=/opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf
		#查看 MHA 状态

cat /opt/mysql-mha/manager.log | grep "current master"
		#查看 MHA 日志

故障模拟———— Master 节点意外故障

停止 Master 节点MySQL服务

systemctl stop mysqld

查看 mysql2 是否接管 VIP

ifconfig

修复故障

启动原来的主节点

systemctl start mysqld

修复数据

现主MySQL服务器（原从MySQL服务器1）

mysql -u root -p

mysql> show master status;

在原来的主节点

change master to master_host='10.190.33.72',master_user='myslave',master_password='Admin@123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=1777;

start slave;

在 manager 节点上修改配置文件

vim /opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf
	······
	[server1]
	hostname= 10.190.33.71
	port=3306
	······

对mysql1和mysql2 进行重启

systemctl restart  mysqld

在 manager 节点上启动 MHA

masterha_stop --conf=/opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf


nohup masterha_manager \
--conf=/opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf \
--remove_dead_master_conf \
--ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha_manager.log 2>&1 &