通过下面的命令安装mysql。首先下载mysql的rpm包。mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm 这个包的作用是将 MySQL 的官方 YUM 仓库添加到系统中，随后通过yum install来安装mysql。
wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
yum install mysql-server 设置权限，将 /var/lib/mysql 的所有者和组设置为 mysql 确保 MySQL 服务可以读取和写入数据。
chown mysql:mysql -R /var/lib/mysql随后进行mysql的初始化。执行以下命令。有的教程可能会叫你执行mysql --initialize,但是这条语句是mySQL5.7中的功能，我使用的是5.6，这条命令不被支持。
sudo mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql初始化成功后，启动mysqld，并查看其状态，如果是active的，则mysql 安装成功。
[root@master 36microservice]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@master 36microservice]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Community Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 日 2024-10-13 14:22:26 CST; 25s ago
Process: 70463 ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start post (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 70445 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 70461 (mysqld_safe)
Tasks: 23
Memory: 130.7M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
├─70461 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr
└─70639 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/v...
10月 13 14:22:24 master systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server...
10月 13 14:22:25 master mysqld_safe[70461]: 241013 14:22:25 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'.
10月 13 14:22:26 master mysqld_safe[70461]: 241013 14:22:26 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
10月 13 14:22:26 master systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.
随后输入mysql，可以看到直接登录进了mysql数据库，但是这是不安全的，这里利用下面语句进行账号密码的设置。
[root@master 36microservice]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.51 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
通过mysqladmin -uroot password "root"的命令，设置用户名和密码。
[root@master 36microservice]# mysqladmin -u root password "root"
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@master 36microservice]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.6.51 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> 创建数据库
mysql> create database tb_order;
mysql> create database tb_stock;
mysql> create database tb_product;
此时查看数据库，可以看到我们创建的数据库。
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| tb_order |
| tb_product |
| tb_stock |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.03 sec)
传入数据
mysql> use tb_order
Database changed
mysql> source /root/yaml_file/36microservice/mysql_data/order.sql
mysql> use tb_product
Database changed
mysql> source /root/yaml_file/36microservice/mysql_data/product.sql
mysql> use tb_stock
Database changed
mysql> source /root/yaml_file/36microservice/mysql_data/stock.sql查看传入的数据。此时的order数据库还是空的。
mysql> use tb_order;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+--------------------+
| Tables_in_tb_order |
+--------------------+
| orders |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from orders;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use tb_stock;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables
-> ;
+--------------------+
| Tables_in_tb_stock |
+--------------------+
| stock |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from stock;
+----+---------+-------------+------------+
| id | prod_id | sales_stock | real_stock |
+----+---------+-------------+------------+
| 1 | 1 | 99 | 99 |
| 2 | 2 | 88 | 88 |
| 3 | 3 | 77 | 77 |
| 4 | 4 | 66 | 66 |
+----+---------+-------------+------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use tb_product;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
mysql> show tables;
+----------------------+
| Tables_in_tb_product |
+----------------------+
| product |
+----------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from product;
+----+-----------------+----------+
| id | product_name | price |
+----+-----------------+----------+
| 1 | 手机 | 99.990 |
| 2 | 大彩电 | 999.000 |
| 3 | 洗衣机 | 100.000 |
| 4 | 超级大冰箱 | 9999.000 |
+----+-----------------+----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
访问授权
对mysql数据库进行授权，从而规定谁可以访问这个数据库。这里进行了两个网段的授权，一个是10.244.%.%，这代表k8s集群中所有pod的网段。另一个是192.168.%.%，代表了集群中的所有虚拟机的网段。identified by后面的内容是mysql的密码。
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'10.244.%.%' identified by 'root'
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.%.%' identified by 'root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
如果你希望 root 用户可以从任何主机连接，可以使用以下授权，这个对于打包发布的微服务的数据库是非常必要的。
grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root';
flush privileges;